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TCAAP Energy Integration Resiliency Framework Policy White Paper – Exhibit I - Definitions 68 Heating coil – A heating element made of pipe or tube that is designed to transfer heat energy to a specific area or working fluid. Hot water supply and return lines – The district heating system piping that distributes hot water for heating purposes to customers (supply) and returns the cooler water to the Plant for reheating (return). Kilowatt (kW) – A unit of power equal to one thousand Watts (W) Kilowatt-hour (kWh) – A measure of electricity defined as a unit of work or energy, measured as 1 kilowatt (1,000watts) of power expended for 1 hour. One kWh is equivalent to 3,412 Btu. Load – The amount of energy used by a customer. Typically refers to the Peak Load on the system. Medium temperature hot water – Thermal heat transferred via hot water at a temperature between 190 °F and 250 °F. Megawatt (MW) – One million Watts (W) Megawatt-hour (MWh) – One thousand kilowatt-hours Microgrid – A group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources within clearly defined electrical boundaries that act as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid and can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode. Million BTU (MMBTU) –One million British Thermal Units (BTU). One MMBTU is equivalent to 293.07 kWh. Net Present Value (NPV) – The difference between the present value of the future cash flows from an investment and the amount of investment. Present value of the expected cash flows is computed by discounting them at the required rate of return. A zero net present value means the project repays original investment plus the required rate of return. A positive net present value means a better return, and a negative net present value means a worse return, than the return from zero net present value. Non-diversified load – The sum of the peak loads of individual users. This is a theoretical maximum system peak load. Normalized – Adjusted annual data of monthly building usage values measured on different monthly heating degree scales to a common scale prior to averaging. N+1 Redundancy – A measure of system component redundancy to provide backup in the event of failure of any one component. N+1 refers to the number of units installed to carry normal load plus one additional unit as backup. For example, if a system has three chillers to achieve the total design load, each is rated at 33% of the total load, or N=3. For this example, an N+1 system will have a total of four chillers of 33% capacity for a total installed capacity of 133% with one chiller providing backup in the event of failure of any one chiller. Operations and Maintenance (O&M) – The activities related to the performance of routine, preventive, predictive, scheduled, and unscheduled actions aimed at preventing equipment failure or decline with the goal of increasing efficiency, reliability, and safety.