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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCC 02-13-1967 MINUTES OF REGULAR COUNCIL MEETING VILLAGE OF ARDEN HillS Monday, February 13, 1967 - 8:00 p.m. CALL TO ORDER Mayor Nethercut called the meeting to order at 8:00 p.m. ROLL CALL Present - Mayor Nethercut, Trustees BJorndahl, Crepeau and Hollenhorst. -. Abse~! - Trustee Olmen. . Also Present - Attorney Vincent P. Courtney, Engineer Donald Lund, Treasurer Worth Read, Administrative Clerk Lorraine Stromquist and Accounting Clerk Charlotte McNlesh. APPROVAL OF MINUTES The minutes of the regular Council meeting of January 30, 1967, were ap- proved as amended. DOG ORDINANCE ENFORCEMENT Harold W. Nelson, 1212 Tiller lane, discussed the problem of dogs at :~~ge In his area. He noted that Ordinance Hll, relating to control of dogs, was adopted approximately 10 years ago, and that Shorevlew has recently revised Its ordinance. After some discussion the Council requested that: I. Police Department check the Tiller Lane area closely for dogs running at large. 2. Clerk Stromquist to publicize our ordinance requiring dogs to be under owner-control at all times. 3. Public Safety Committee to review our ordinances relating to dog control. LAKE JOHANNA DRAINAGE OUTLET BIDS Mr. Lambros requested clarification f~om Engineer Lund on several terms in the specifications for the Drainage Outl.t Bids. I. Caugs of pipe is 10 gauge. 2. The "owner" of the ditch Is the Village of Arden Hills. 3. Possible damage to Mr. Lambros' roadway over the ditch would be taken care of by the Village. 4. Allowance for salvageable pipe - this allowance Is for possible Village use of pipe on another drainage location. S. Damage to fences etc., responsibility of contractor. .e Attorney Courtney noted that Counei I could delay awarding the bids until February 28, 1967. He outlined Engineer Lund's dlsttlbutlon of costs of the base bid as detailed in Banister's letter of 1-3-67. Status of participation of other governmental bodies Is as follows: I. Shorevlew - planned to discuss matter at February 9th Counc! I meeting. 2. Rosevllle - referred to Village Engineer. Engineer Lund stated that Rosevll Ie might want a "credit" for storage area in Lake Josephine. 3. State of Minnesota - refused to participate. 4. Ramsey County - further requests for participation from Shoreviow and Rosevllle were suggested by County Engineer Anklan. Attorney Courtney reminded the Council that under the Joint Powers Act contributions from other governmental bodies are voluntary. The alterna- tive of proceeding under the Local Improvement Code Is costly and further- more Arden Hills could not assess benefitted property owners, if such property were located outside of Arden Hills. -1- Minutes of Council Meeting - February 13, 1967 - continued After further discussion Trustee Crepeau moved that the alternate bid of $8,005.20 by Marvin Rehbein Landscaping, Inc. be awarded subject to the fol lowing conditions: . I. Attorney Courtney to obtain the necessary public easements for ~CCA~~ and maintenance from Mr. Lambros as detailed In his letter of November 18, 1966 to Mr. Lambros. 2. Mr. Lambros to deposit a check with Attorney Courtney for $2,717.95 (difference between base and alternate bid) prior to our signing contract. 3. The Village of Arden Hills agrees to return Mr. Lambros' road- way to present condition. . 4. In the event that the total cost t6 Arden Hills Is less than $1,552.90, recoupment of part of Mr. Lamboos' costs will be discussed. Seconded by Trustee Bjorndahl. Carried. ATTORNEY COURTNEY'S REPORT Circle S Ranch Building Inspector Clay Kel ley reported to Attorney Courtney that the necessary notice had been served on George Reiling on February 2,1961. Attorney Courtney stated that Mr. Reiling would like to postpone action until a pending Drive-In matter Is concluded. Trustee Crepeau moved that Attorney Courtney proceed with prosecution of the Building Code violation, seconded by Trustee Bjorndahl, carried. Bui IdlnQs at 3205 North LexlnQton Avenue Attorney Courtney advised the Council that Midwest Federal Savings and Loan had replied to his letter of February 9, 1961, stating that the house door has been nailed shut, within 10 days they will have a garage door In~talled, and rubble will be removed. Mr. Nixon stated that most of the rubble has been burned. Inspector Clay Kelley was requested to report to Attorney Courtney on the status of rubbish removal. Attorney Courtney said that Midwest Federal Intends to sell the property. Council requested that Inspector Clay Kel ley advise them of any possible future building permits for remodelling preml~es, ~nd that the Inspector check carefully to be sure possible remodelling meets all codes and safety standards. County Road E Easement Attorney Courtney is working with Standard 011 representatives on tile service road easement and will report at the next Council meeting on p rog ress. Pedestrian Trail Easement Attorney Courtney is working with Northern Stat~s Power Company, checking title, etc., and will report at next Council meeting on the matter. e LI bra ry Site In reply to a question from Mayor Nethercut~Attorney Courtney stated he Is working wltll Mr. Eastlund and Bethel College en the matter. Heiman Contract Attorney Courtney submItted contracts for purchase to be signed by Mayor Nethercut and Clerk Str.omqu I st. He stated that tenants current I y occupy- Ing the premises wll I be given notice to vacate and rentals will be prorated on the effective date of the contract. He further stated that all tenants will have vacated premises by June 30, 1967. ENGINEER LUND'S REPORT The State of Minnesota has requested Arden Hills to enter Into an agree- -2- Minutes of Council Meeting - February 13, 1967 ment to maintain Frontage Roads A, Band C located within the Village approximately paral lei to Trunk Highway 51 and north of County Road E Intersection, also a short segment of Hamllne Avenue on the east side of TH 51 to connect with Tiller Lane. Engineer Lund recommended that the Village enter Into the agreement which Includes minor repair, plowing, sanding and weed control but does not Include resurfacing or heavy seal coating. Trustee Crepeau moved adoption of the maintenance agree- ment with the State subject to the approval.of Attorney Courtney, seconded by Trustee Hollenhorst, carried. REPORT OF TRUSTEE HOLLENHORST ~alentlne Lake View Plat (Case No. 67-2) r. Gale Hendrickson, 5445 Knox Avenue North, Minneapolis, discussed his proposed subdivision south of Floral Drive. In order to avoid dead end roads, he proposes two CUl-de-sac, one of which would be located on property to the south of his. Trustee Hollenhorst reviewed the Planning Commission recommendations detailed In their minutes of February 7. Trustee Hollenhorst moved approval of the preliminary plat subject to: I. Mr. Hendrickson's obtaining written approval or denial from neighboring property owner for the proposed cul-de-sac on Gale Circle. 2. Banister Engineering approval of sanitary sewer and street ele- vatIons. 3. Replattlng to provide event neighbor denies Seconded by Trustee Bjorndehl, cul-de-sac on his own property approval of proposed location. carrIed. In the Mr. Hendrickson will proceed under our present platting ordinance. Attorney Courtney plans to review the ordinBftce In late February. Starr-Elbner Plat (Case No. 66-28) Trustee Hollenhorst reported that the Planning Commission recommends approval of this prelIminary plat, granting variance~ Df right-of-way and paved road widths and elimination of cul-de-sac requirements. The Counc II adv I sed 101 I sses Starr and E I bner to have the I r surveyor en't'er changes on their plat plan as desIgnated by the Planning Commission on 2/7/67 and to submit same to Banister Engineering for their approval. Council action was delayed pending a report from Banister Engineering. REPORT OF TRUSTEE BJORNDAHL Tractor Purchase Trustee BJorndahl reported that the snowblower-mower purchased In the fa~1 proved to be too small for the job, a full rebate Is forthcoming from R. L. Gould and Company. A larger tnternatlonal Harvester blower- mower has been purchased for approximately $200.00 more. Pedestrian Tral I Slans Chairman H. Lagerstrom showed the Council signs being made by Mark Hansen, 3072 North Fairvlew Avenue, a local Boy Scout, for the Pedestrian Trail. Clerk Stromquist was requested to write a letter of appreciation to Mark. ~US~EE OLMEN'S REPORT Shorewood Drive In the absence of Trustee Olmen, Clerk Stromquist reported that residents of Shorewood Drive had recently expressed concern over safety for children walking on the roadway. Excessive snow has resulted In high banks on curves which obstructs view ~f vehicles. Clerk Stromquist was requested to check with the County on the possibility of purchasing portable signs to be stuck in snow banks, such as ~Oanger - Pedestrians In Roadway". Son.. Plnwlog RnutA" . In reply to an fnquiry.from Mr. Fred Nixon c:Oncernlng priorities In snow plowing, Mayor Nethercut stated that Mr. Ni?,<pn should plow his speclffed routes, these can be reviewed If necessary with Mr. Dlmen. . Trustee Bjorndahl moved that Mr. Nixon be officially commended on his snow plowing during this very difficult season. Seconded by Trustee Hoflenhorst, unanimously carrIed. -3- . , Minutes of Council Meeting - February 13, 1967 REPORT OF MAYOR NETHERCUT P'- Metropolitan Government Studt Mayor Nethercut discussed the Ramsey County League of Municl;alitles study relating to proposed legislation creating a Metropolitan Multi- Purpose Service District. He noted that the method of selecting members for the Metropolitan Council differs from other proposals In that members would be selected by local officials rather than by popular election. Trustee Hol lenhorst moved that Mayor Nethercut support the porposed legis- lation. Seconded by Trustee Crepeau, carried. . Metro-Transit 6111 After discussion of the proposed bill Trustee Crepeau moved that Mayor Nethercut be authorized to vote In favor of the bil" andthat ~~~nd,av,or~o~~ me~~~ ~~representatlve for Ramsey County.. Planning Commission Appointment On the recommendation of Mayor Nethercut, Trustee Hollenhorst moved that Mrs. Richard Jones, 1863 Glenapul Road, be appointed to the Planning Commission. s.-c...... A 0 tq. C-....:r. ".~. REPORT OF CLERK STROMQUIST James Nixon Leave of Absence Clerk Stromquist read Attorney Courtney's opinion, detailed In his letter of February 2, 1967, concerning the request for leave of absence dut to military service. Trustee Crepeau moved that James NIxon be granted a leave of absence without pay and that the ordinance requirement of prior approval be wal.ved. Seconded by Trustee Hol lenhorst, carried. Apportionment Resolutions - Sewer Impr. 13. 17 and Street lmpr. 16 Trustee 6Jorndehl moved approval of the apportionment resolutions as attached. Seconded by Trustee Crepeau, Carried. Ramsey County League of Munlclpall~y Dues Clerk Stromquist reported that dues for 1967 haye been reduced 10% for Arden Hills. Income from Fines, Forfelturos and Penalties Trustee Crepeau moved that the 1966 Court Fines, forfeitures and penal- ties be distributed as follows: Jan thru March to Public Works Reserve Fund April thru May to Sewer M91ntenance Fund 80 June thru December to Genar~! Fund Seconded by Trustee Hollenhors1, c~rrled. Meeting adjourned at 11:22 p.m. I fJ (7 _ --:A !": ~~ ") ~~: Nethercut e Mayor ~~ Lorraine E. Stromqul Administrative Clerk -4- .,. .. Extract. of Minut.es of Heet.ing of the Village Council Village of Arden Hills Count.y of Ramsey St.at.e of Minnesot.a Pursuant t.o due call and not.ice thereof, a regular meet.ing . of the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills, Ramsey Count.y, Minnesota, was duly held in t.he village hall at. 1450 West. Highway 96, St.. Paul, Minnesota, on Monday, the 13 day of February, 1967, at. 8:00 o'cloCk p.m. The following members were present: Nethercut, Bjorndahl, Cr~peau, Hollenhorst and the following were absent: 0 I men RtnrndRhl introduced the follOWing resolut.i.on and 'moved its adoption: RESOLtl'l'ION RELATING TO APPORTIONMENT OF ASSESSMENTS RELATING TO SANITARY SEWER IMPROVEMENT NO. 3 BE IT RESOLVED by the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills, Minnesota, as follows: WHEREAS, t.he assessment roll for Sanitary Sewer Improvement No. 3 as last finally amended and adopted on OCtober 12.. 1961, was filed and certified to the County Audit.or of Ramsey County on November 17, 1961, for the purpose of including installments theze- of.._to be collected along with real est.ate taxes commencing in 1962; and . WHEREAS, a hearing on supplement.al assessments, reassessments, and apportionment. of previous assessments in respect t.o Sanitary Sewer Improvement. No. 3 was held on July 16, 1962, at which time '. . . . - assessments for sanitary Sewer Improvement No.3 were amended as provided by said resolution of said date and certified and filed in the office of the County Auditor of RaIllIIey County on october 3, 1962, and WHEREAS, since that date a number of parcels of property contained with1.n said assessment roll as amended, have been d'.~ and conveyed by previous property OWDerSJ and WHEREAS, the County Auditor of Ramsey county requires that apportionment of the original asses_nt against each original tr~ where it has later been divided, sold or conveyed, be made by the Village Council of the Village of Arden Bills, in order that the proper assessment can be extended by the cowrty Auditor against each parcel of property thereafter, commencing with an assessment to be collected in the year 1963 and thereafter. NOW, THEREFORE. the Village council of the Village of Arden Bills does hereby lIlake the follOWing aPlOrtiomaent of original aaeessments .. contained in said assessment roll of OCtober 12, 1961 aad as amended .. of July 16, 1962. against the fOllow1ng described properties, Original Assessment. A) Shady oaks Addition $750.00 Lot 3, Block 4. Sec. 27. T. 30. R. 23 Division 37286 ApportiCllUllElnt : 1) Sub) to esants & ex W 500.00 210 ft of N 465 ftr Lot 3" Block 4 2) W 210 1t of N 465 ft 250.00 of Lot 3. Block 4 The Village Clerk of the Village of Arden 8.111s is hereby authorized to prepare a certified copy of this resolution and to certify the same to the county Auditor of Ramsey County, Minnesota. . The motion for the adoption of the foregoing resolution was duly seconded by r:~ApA~1I , and upon vote being taken thereon, the following voted in favor thereof: All and the following voted against 1:he same: None whereupon said resolution was declared duly passed and adopted. STATE OF MINNESOTA ) COUNTY OF RAMSEY ) SS VILIAGE OF ARDEN HILLS ) I, the undersigned, being the duly qualified and acting Clerk of the Village of Arden Hills, Ramsey County, Minnesota, do hereby certify that I have carefully compared the attached and foregoing extract of minutes of a regular meeting of said Village Council held on the /S day of I'ebruary. 1967. with the oriqinal thereof on file in my office, and the same is a full, true and complete transcript. therefrom, insofar as the same relates to apportionment of assessments. WI'l'NESS MY mum Officially as such Clerk this j{o day of February, 1967. .-eA.' .51:;: F Village Clerk . (SEAL) I Extract of MinUtes of Meeting of the Vi llage Counc i 1 Village of Arden Hills County of Ramsey State of Minn~sota Pursuant to due call and notice thereof, a regular meeting ~ of the Village Countil of the Village of Arden Hills, Ramsey Cotinty, Minnesota, was duly held in the village hall at 1450 'Nest Highway 96, st. Paul, Minnesota, on Monday, the 13 February, 1967, at 8:00 oiclock p.~. The following members wete present! Nethercut, BJorndahl, Crepeau, Hollenhorst day of and the following were absent: Olmen Bjorndah I and moved its adoption: introduced the following resolution RESOLUTION RELATING TO APPORTIONMENT OF ASSESSMENTS RELATING TO SANITARY SEWER IMPROVEMENT NO. 3 BE IT RESOLVED by the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills, Minnesota, as follows: WHEREAS, the assess~ent roll for Sanitary sewer Improvement No.3 as last finally amended and adopted on October 12, 1961, was filed and certified to the County Auditor of Ramsey County on November 17, 1961, for the purpose of including installments there- of to be collected along with real estate taxes commencing in 1962; and WHEREAS, a hearing on supplemental assessments, reassessments, and apportionment of previous assessments in respect to Sanitary ~ Sewer Improvement No. 3 was held on July 16, 1962, at which time assessments for Sanitary Sewer Improvement No. 3 were amended as provided by said resolution of said date and certified and filed in the office of the County Auditor of Ramsey County on October 3, 1962, and t . . . WHEREAS, since that date a nu~ber br parcels or property contained within said assessmeht toll as amended, have been divided and conveyed by previous property owners; and WHEREAS, the County Auditor of Ramsey County requires that apportionment of the original assessment against each original tract where it has later been divided, sold or conveyed, be made by the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills, in order that the proper assessment can be extended by the County Auditor against each parcel of property thereafter, commencing with an assessment to be collected in the year 1963 and thereafter. NOW, THEREFORE, the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills does hereby make the following apportionment of original assessments as contained in said assessment roll of October 12, 1961 and as a~ended as of July 16, 1962, against the following described properties: Original assessment: Division 37290 A) subj to STH 10-62: the N 80 $714.00 ft of S 847.4 ft of Govt Lot 7, Sec 34, T 3r, R 23 Apportionment: 432.00 1) E 492 ft of N 80 ft of S 847.4 ft of Gvt Lot 7 (subj to Rds & esmts) in Sec 34, T 30, R 23. 2) Ex E 492 ft; the N 80 ft of S 847.4 ft of Gvt Lot 7 (subj to Rds & esmts) in Sec 34, T 30, R 23 The Village Clerk of the Village of Arden Hills is hereby 282.00 authorhed to prepare a certified copy of this resolution and to certify the same to the County Auditor of Ramsey County, Minnesota. The motion for the adoption of the foregoing resolution was duly seconded by _, and upon vote being r.r"',::Ii]pe:;llU taken thereof, the following voted in favor thereof: All and the following voted against the same: None whereupon said resolution was declared duly passed and adopted. . . . . STATE OF MINNESOTA ) COUNTY OF RAMSEY ) SS VILLAGE OF ARDEN HILLS) I, the undersigned, being the duly qualified and acting Clerk of the Village of Arden Hills, Ramsey County, Minnesota, do hereby certify that I have carefully compared the attached and foregoing extract of minutes of a regular meeting of said Village Council held on the Is day of February, 1967, with the original thereof on file in my office, and the same is a full, true and complete transcript therefrom, insofar as the same relates to apportionment of assessments. WITNESS MY HAND officially as such Clerk this I~ day of February, 1967. -~"g~ (SEAL) , Extract. of Minutes of Meeting of the Village Council Village of Arden Hills County of Ramse, State of Minnesota Pursuant t:o due call and notice tnereof, a regular meeting . of the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills, Ramsey County, MinDesota, was duly held in the V111age Hall at 1450 West Highway 96, Sa:l.nt Paul, Minnesota, on Monday, the 13 day of February, 1967, at: 8:00 o' clock p._. The following members were present: Nethercut. BJorndah I. Crepeau, Ho 1 1 enhorst and the follow1ng were absent: Olmen BJorndah 1 introduced the following re- aolut1on and moved 1ts adoption: RESOLUTION RELATING TO APPORl'IONMENT OF ASSESSMENTS RELATING TO SANITARY SEWER IMPROVJ!lIiIEN'l' NO. 7 BE IT RESOLVED by the V11lage Councll of the Vlllqe of Arden Hills, Minnesota, as follows: WHEREAS, the assessment roll for San1tary Sewer Improveaent No. 7 as last f:i.nally adopted on October 26, 1964, was flled and ~~1fied to the county Aud1tor of Ramsey County on December 4, 1964, for the purpose of :i.ncludiDg :l.nstallments thereof to be collected aloog with real estate taxes commenc:i.ng :i.n 1965, and WHEREAS, s:i.nce that date a nUlllbeC' of paraels of property . contained w1th1n said assessment roll have been d1vided and CDn- veyed by prev1.ous property owners; and WHEREAS, the county Auditor of Ramsey County requ1res that apportionment of the original assessment against each original tract where it has later been divided, sold or conveyed, be made by the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills in order that the proper assessment can be extended by the County . Auditor against each parcel of property thereafter, commencinq with an assessment to be collected in the year 1965 and there- after. NOW, THEREFORE, the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills does hereby make the following apportionment of original assessments as contained in said assessment roll of OCtober 26, 1964 against the following described properties: Division 37286 A) Shady oaks Addition Lot 3, Block 4, Sec. 27, Township 30, Range 23 $141;93 Original Assessment: Apportionment: 1) Subj to esmts & ex W. 210 ft of N 465 ft, Lot 3" Block 4 511.27 2) W 210 ft of N 465 ft of Lot 3, Block 4 230.66 The Village Clerk of the Village of Arden Hills is hereby authorized to prepare a certified copy of this resolution and to certify the same to the County Auditor of Bamsey county, Minnesota. The motion for the adoption of the foregoing resolution was duly seconded by i"....ap<!!l.!!Il... , and upon vote being taken thereon, the following voted in favor thereof: A I I . and the following voted against the same: None whereupon said resolution was declared duly passed and adopted. . . STATE OF MINNESOTA ) COUNTY OF RAMSEY ) VILlAGE OF ARDEN HILLS ) I, the undersigned, being the duly qualified and acting Clan of the Village of Arden 811ls of Ramsey County, Minnesota, do hereby certify that I have carefully compared the attached and foregoing extract of minutes of a regular lIIEleting of said Village Council held on the 13. day of February, 1967, with the original thereof on file in my office and the same is a full, true and complete transcript therefrom, insofar ae the same relates to apportionment of assessments. WITNESS MY HAND officially as such Clerk this /10 day of February, 1967. L... t b~, F Village Cle It (SEAL) Extract of Minutes of Meeting of the Village Council Village of Arden Hills County of Ramsey State of Minnesota Pursuant to due call and notice thereof, a regular . meeting of the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills, Ramsey County, Minnesota, was duly held in the Village Hall at 1450 West Highway 96, Saint Paul, Minnesota, on Monday, ~ 13 day of February, 1967, at 8:00 o'clock p.m. 'l'he following members were present: Nethercut, BJorndah I, Crepeau, Ho II enhorst and the following were absent: Olmen Blorndahl inq-oc)Jced the followinq resolution and moved its adoption: RESOLUTION REIA'1'ING '1'0 APPORTIONMENT OF ASSESSMEN'l'S RElATING '1'0 STREE'I' IMPROVEMENT NO. 6 BE 1'1' RESOLVED by the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills, Minnesota, as follows: WHEREAS, ~ assesSIlI8nt roll for Street Improvement No. 6 as last finally adopted on October 26, 1964, was filed and certified to the County Auditor of PaJDsey county on December 4, 1964, for the purpose of including installments thereof to be collected along with real estate taxes commencinq in 19657 and WHEREAS, since that date a number of parcels of property . contained within said assesSlll8nt roll have been divided and conveyed by previous property owners7 and WHEREAS, the County Auditor of Ramsey County requires that apportionment of the original assessment against each original tract where it has later been divided, sold or conveyed, be made by the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills in order that . the proper assessment can be extended by the county Auditor against each parcel of property thereafter, cOIlllllencing with an assessment to be collected in the year 1965 and thereafter. NOW, THEREFORE, the Village Council of the Village of Arden Hills does hereby make the following apportionment of original assessments as contained in said assessment roll of October 26, 1964 against the following described properties: Original Assessment: A) Sbady Oalcs Addition $391.09 Lot 3, Bloclc 4, Sec. 27 Township 30, Range 23 Division 37286 Apportionment: 1) subj to eSlllts & ex W 210 ft of N 465 ft: Lot 3, Bloclc 4 260.72 2) W 210 ft of N 465 ft of Lot 3, Bloclc 4 130.37 The Village Clerlc of the Village of Arden Hills is hereby author ized to prepare a certified copy of this resolution and to certify the same to tbe County Auditor of Ramsey County, Minnesota. The motion for the adoption of the foregoing resolution 'Was duly seconded by C'.r"'::"P"":Ill1I , and upon vote being . talcen thereon, the following voted in favor thereof: All and the following voted against the same: None wbereupon said resolution was declared duly passed and adopted. . . . STATE OF MINNESOTA ) COUNTY OF RAMSEY ) VILlAGE OF ARDEN HILLS ) I, the undersigned, beiri.g the duly qualified and acting Clerk of the Village of Arden Hills of Ramsey County, Minnesota, do bereby certify that I have carefully compared the attacbed and foregoing extract of minutes of a regular meeting of said Village Council beld on tbe / '3 day of February, 1967, with the Original thereof on file in ~ office and the same is a fUll, true and couple1:l! transcript therefrom, insofar as the same relates to apportionment of assessments. WITNESS MY ~ officially as such Clerk this day of Pebruary, 1967. /10 ~Cl:~ (SEAL ) .