HomeMy WebLinkAbout1A, Green Development
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MEMORANDUM
DATE:
February 17, 2009
Agenda Item I.A
TO: Mayor and City Council
FROM: James Lehnhoff, Community Development Director
Charles Roberts, Community Development Intern
SUBJECT: Green Codes and Sustainable Design
ATTACHMENTS: A. Green Design Guidelines and
B. LEED-ND Score Card
Reauested Action
Review the information in the packet and provide input and guidance on moving forWard with
green codes and development on TCAAP and the rest of the City.
Back2round
As part of the 2030 Comprehensive Plan update and the 2009 work plan, the City identified the
need to review green codes and development options and work toward incorporating green
design on TCAAP and elsewhere in the City. This is an important topic with many applications,
many options, and a continually evolving set of tools.
The purpose of this discussion is to present information on green design, green standards, and
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). This information is applicable to the
TCAAP redevelopment and Arden Hills as a whole. To help facilitate the discussion, Lyle
Salmela and J. Michael Orange will be attending the work session and presenting the attached
information. Lyle Salmela is an Arden Hills resident and retired engineer that now works with
the Minnesota Retired Engineers Technical Assistance Program (RETAP) and the Minnesota
Climate Change Corps (CCC). He has also been involved in the TCAAP Restoration Advisory
Board. Michael Orange is a retired planner from the City of Minneapolis and knowledgeable in
the LEED Neighborhood Development program.
City of Arden Hills
City Council Work Session for February 17, 2009
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Green Desi2:n for Arden Hills and the TCAAP Property
Mr. Salmela has prepared a list of ideas and tools to help make TCAAP a greener and more
sustainable development (Attachment A). He will be providing additional explanation at the
meeting. While his information focuses on the TCAAP property, a number of the ideas and tools
could be incorporated into other redevelopments on a smaller scale.
LEED-ND (nei2:hborhood desi2n)
Mr. Orange will be presenting the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design -
Neighborhood Development, or LEED-ND. Instead of focusing on a single building, this
program looks at an overall neighborhood design. A preliminary worksheet for evaluating
TCAAP based on LEED-ND standards is included in Attachment B. Based on the preliminary
planning information, it is likely that TCAAP could achieve a Gold rating or higher depending
on the final design. Additional explanation will be provided at the meeting.
The LEED Green Building Rating System is the most nationally recognized certification for
sustainable design. Started in 1998 by the United States Green Building Council, LEED provides
a series of standards for the construction and maintenance of new or renovated buildings to
reduce energy costs and improve quality of life. LEED certification is determined by Accredited
Professionals or APs, who must pass accreditation exams issued by the Green Building
Coalition. LEED originally had a single standard for all new construction and renovations, but
has since grown to approximately eight different sets of standards. In July 2007, the USGBC
introduced the pilot program to include LEED certification standards for neighborhood design,
or LEED-ND. If the TCAAP property sought LEED-ND certification, it would only be the third
project in Minnesota to do so, after Excelsior and Grand in St. Louis Park and the upcoming
Library Green in Moorhead.
The LEED-ND certification system consists of nine prerequisites and 47 credits divided between
three principal categories. Smart Location, the first category, considers such issues as location,
job proximity and habitat protection. The second category, Neighborhood Pattern and Design,
looks at access and physical layout. Construction and Technology, the third category and closest
to the traditional LEED system, assesses individual building design. A total of 110 points are
possible with basic certification at 40 points, though projects can also achieve Silver (50-59
points), Gold (60- 79 points), or Platinum (80+ points) certification. The three categories add up
to a maximum of 100 points with an optional 10 points available through credits achieved in
innovative design or regional priority (geographically-specific environmental, social equity, and
public health issues). The following links provide additional information on the LEED-ND
system:
City of Arden Hills
City Council Work Session for February 17, 2009
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*LEED for Neighborhood Development (Congress for the New Urbanism):
http://\\'''',''''1 . Cnll. org/leedlld
*LEED-ND: A Tool for Public Health, Environmental Quality and Community Design
(PowerPoint presentation by Raimi and Associates, Inc.):
http://www.designforhealth.net/ppts/l 0-26%20Event/Raimi LeedND.ppt#350,,1 "Slide 1
(Note: This presentation uses a very early scoring system for LEED-ND. This source
should only be consulted for background information on LEED itself.)
*New LEED for Old Project (article by USGBC mentioning Excelsior and Grand):
http://w'\VW' .u.s gbc. org/N e'wsflTS GBCIn TheN ew-sDetails. aspx?ID==3 93 2
*USGBC: LEED for Neighborhood Development (main page):
http://\V\V\V . usgbc. org/Disp layPage. aspx ?C~:M:S:PageID::::::: 148
AHATS Sustainabilitv Plannin!! Session
The Minnesota Department of Military Affairs is organizing a Sustainability Design planning
session for the Arden Hills Army Training Site (AHATS). It has been scheduled for March 10-
13, 2009, at the Army Aviation Support Facility at Holmen Field in St. Paul. RETAP/CCC will
be involved in generating ideas for making AHATS a sustainable site. This process is
anticipated to impact the AHATS master plan. The Arden Hill's administration and staff will be
invited to this planning session. They are hoping to integrate green design and sustainability
practices with the future redevelopment on the City's TCAAP site. As more information
becomes available, it will be provided to the Council.
City of Arden Hills
City Council Work Session for February 17, 2009
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Attachment A
February 17, 2009
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Green Design for TCAAP
REASONABLE GREEN DESIGN for TCAAP/AHATS: LRS - 2/1/09
TCAAP Goal
"A community designed for sustainability" - It's all about learning to
conserve energy and the environment.
Green Status
· Energy/Carbon - Depletion of oil and natural gas - depletes GHG
· Focus on enerav use/supply: World focus
o Smart electric grid - on-site, off site generated (AHA TS/TCAAP)
o Efficiency/Conservation (-250/0-900/0 )"Passive House", Green/LEED,
light transparency, natural ventilation, transportation - (PHEV)
o Sustainable electric supply - AHATS/TCAAP, XCEL grid
o Communication grid - fiber optic?, wireless?, AHA TS
Arden Hills/TCAAP/AHATS Enerav/Sustainabilitv Plan
· Diversity - electric/NG grid, solar/wind assessments, geothermal, bio-
fuels, work with AHA TS potential
· PUD Ordinance, master plan, development agreement, codes, zoning,
permits, deed, other
· Architects/designers, desian team, staff, planning commission, council
· Awareness/education, workshops/conversations, green/LEED manuals
Green issues in order of importance for buildina desian
1. Energy use and supply - minimize lighting, heating, cooling
2. Orientation to the sun for heat and shading for cooling
3. Distribution of natural light in any room from at least two walls, minimum
4. Cross ventilation
5. Minimum corridor area; even if more elevators are required
6. Locally manufactured materials
7. Minimum maintenance materials
8. Rain water distribution
Green issues for transportation
· Asphalt - lifecycle costing, (streets, parking, etc.)
· Transport hubs/depots - prepare for PHEV cars, small electric vehicles,
mass bus transport, and potential rail transport
Green landscapina
· Trails, sidewalks, street trees, meridians, green/open space, parks, etc.
· LED lighting, reduced off-peak intensity
· Porous hard surfacing, rain gardens, zero runoff for < 1" rainfall
Green future
· Aero-gel insulation, nano-PV thin film solar, hydrogen fuel-cells, small
nuclear, lighting- CFL- LED- hybrid solar fiber-optic, lithium-ion batteries
TCAAP DESIGN GUIDELINE SUMMARY
LRS - 2/1//09
1. SMART ELECTRIC GRID (XCEL Energy - pilot in Boulder, CO.)
. Future enerav will convert to electric use - coal, nuclear, hydro, natural
gas, wind, solar, hydrogen, fuel cells, bio-fuels, etc.
· Need for increased electric supply - onsite vs. offsite - wind, solar,
future-hydrogen (fuel cell), battery, PHEV, geothermal, stand-by
· See "Post Carbon Cities" - Plan for energy and climate uncertainty
2. GREEN/LEED DESIGN
· Conserve - energy efficiency use
· Green - LEED criteria - Innovative Design Process, Location &
Linkages, Sustainable Sites, Water Efficiency, Energy & Atmosphere,
Materials & Resources, Indoor Env. Quality, Awareness & Education
· Multi-unit housing - Density, minimize corridors, vertical construction,
east, west and south natural light transparency, cross ventilation
3. TRANSPORTATION
· Traffic hubs or depots - County Rd H, link to Co Rd E and Lexington
· Walk able, bike able, people mover community, electric vehicles
· Plan for vehicle enerav chanae and mass transit
4. COMMUNITY DESIGN - Who decides?
. Design for self sufficiency and sustainability
· Access to all amenities - walk able, bike able, electric vehicle
. Medical services
· Learning, continuing education, community center
· Include affordable housing - seniors, disabled, other
· Design for energy change/climate change - see "Post Carbon Cities"
· Infrastructure design - 100 year life cycle?
· Parks, trails, recreation, sports, nature, landscaping, ecology
5. ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY
. City
. Residents
. Developer
· Environmental risk
· TIF - Green/LEED certified, affordable housing, site cleanup, other
TCAAP MASTER PLAN DESIGN GUIDELINES
Lyle Salmela and Michael Orange, Members of the Retired Engineers Technical
Assistance Program (RETAP) and Climate Change Corps (CCC), 651-636-6461
and 651-457-8793 November 1,2008, revised 2/3/09
Introduction:
The closed Twin Cities Army Ammunition Plant (TCAAP), a 585-acre
redevelopment area, and the adjacent 1 ,500 acre Arden Hills Army Training Site
(AHA TS) offer a significant and unique opportunity for the City of Arden Hills and
surrounding communities. Economic, energy, and climate changes require bold
and creative planning ideas. Few cities have the opportunity to create a new
community from scratch that could sell itself if developed consistent with leading-
edge sustainable design principles.
This paper responds to the City's request for recommendations and design
guidelines regarding the TCAAP project (Project). The appropriate goal for the
Project is to design a realistic but creative sustainable community that is
prepared for energy and climate uncertainty and change, and fosters
environmental health and economic sustainability. The project should be headed
by a chief architect or planner that leads a design team with specific
responsibilities to achieve this goal.1
The following are recommendations for inclusion in the appropriate planning and
development documents for the Project such as the Project development plan
and the development contract that will be between the City and the primary
Project developer (Developer):
Site Development:
· The plan for TCAAP shall meet the requirements for certification as a
Minnesota Green Community2 and all applicable LEED requirements.3
· Project plans shall meet the Gold standard for LEED-Neighborhood
Development,4 and it shall be implemented consistent with these plans.
1 Also see Chapter 12 of the Arden Hills Comprehensive Plan and www.smartarowth.ora or
www.areencommunitiesonline.ora for more information.
2 Refer to htto://www.mnareencommunities.ora/oroiects/index.htm
3 LEED programs (http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CategoryID=19):
· LEED-NC: LEED for new construction and major renovations and
additions
· LEED-EB: LEED for existing buildings
. LEED-CI: LEED for commercial interiors
· LEED-CS: LEED for core and shell
· LEED-H: LEED for homes
· LEED-ND: LEED for neighborhood developments
TCAAP MASTER PLAN DESIGN GUIDELINES
. Most infrastructures shall be designed for a 1 OO-year life cycle.
. The City and Developer shall work with Xcel Energy to design a smart
electrical grid to bring more renewable sources of energy online including
photovoltaic panels, wind (including micro-turbines), vehicle-to-grid
PHEV's, battery-stored power, and distributed generation and co-
generation using renewable fuels.
. The site plan shall be unique, creative, and exemplify leadership in
environmental and energy design for sustainability, Key sustainability
factors include maximizing energy conservation and resource efficiency
(including possible use of the Army's treatment of 2.5 million gal. per day
of ground water), water management, waste management, economic
health (green jobs), and environmental health.
· The site shall have a mix of light and medium industrial, commercial,
office, retail, and different types and densities of residential housing.
Housing should include the mixing of senior, disability, and affordable
housing, with housing having a range of price points, densities, and live-
work units to create a denser community. Where appropriate, the site
should include mixed-use development that includes compatible uses
including office, commercial, and medium-to-high-density residential and
live-work units.
· Industrial development should focus on the creation of green jobs and the
production of goods needed by the local community to encourage local
self reliance.
· Industrial and commercial job centers should be located to minimize trip
distance from residential areas and to maximize opportunities for
alternative transportation. Especially important are transit and bicycle
accessibility to the future Fridley station of the Northstar Corridor
commuter train (which will be about 7 miles away by road and freeway),
and to the park-and-ride lot near County Roads 10 and H. This park-and-
ride node is serviced by MetroTransit Route 250 (which runs down 1-35W
to downtown Minneapolis) and Route 860 (which uses 1-694 and 35E to
downtown St. Paul).
· The site shall have an abundance of green space that includes parks,
recreation, trails, natural settings, water features sized to retain 1000/0 of
the Project's stormwater, green roof buildings, and green roof parking
structures.
· The site shall not have billboards or privacy walls along roads but will have
natural noise and pollution barriers of trees and vegetation.
Transportation and Parking:
· Parking requirements shall include minimums and maximums consistent
with New Urbanism principals, shared parking opportunities, and parking
area design that conforms to the appropriateLEED standards.
4 LEED-ND is still in it pilot stage and the certification system will likely be finalized in a short time.
2
TCAAP MASTER PLAN DESIGN GUIDELINES
. Require uses to minimize and manage surface parking, snow removal,
and stormwater runoff. Structures could have green roofs used for park
and restaurant space and solar panel roofs for shade and power
generation. Adequate sail parking must be adaptable for future electric
vehicle recharging.
· Require off-street parking to maximize pervious paving in order to
maximize on-site stormwater management and minimize asphalt depletion
costs and heat island effects.
· Maximize on-street parallel parking because it helps to minimize off-street
parking needs, fosters traffic calming, and enhances the pedestrian
environment.
· Require pervious and underground parking in residential areas to increase
green space and rainwater infiltration.
· Plan for energy change by designing transit hubs/depots for electric or
hybrid vehicles that can utilize mass transit from hydrogen buses or rail.
Consider a hub parking structure accessible to MetroTransit bus service
and a possible future people mover system or shuttle located at Co. Rd. H
or within TCAAP that ties business and job centers with another transit
hub at Lexington and County Road E.
· Provide north/south access and easements through the wildlife corridor to
the athletic field owned by Ramsey County.
· Provide access to TCAAP from highways 96, 10, Co. Rd. I and 1-35W
consistent with the agreement by the Arden Hills City Council, MNDOT,
and Ramsey County.
· Preserve necessary rail access for industrial uses and a potential link to
the Northstar Corridor.
Architectural Building Design:
· All new and renovated buildings shall be designed to the applicable LEED
Gold or Platinum standards5 with special attention to energy use
· The Project shall meet Minnesota Green Communities Criteria for
affordable and market-rate housing, which will be the future standard.
· Design to provide a sustainable tax-base for the community.
· Residential zoning shall be mix~d to meet market demands. Residential
areas shall include a mix of housing types and densities including manor,
row, accessory units, and townhouses, but be located in similar type
blocks or developments that increases but doesn't decrease the tax base.
· Minimum FARs, maximum parking limits, and structured parking
requirements shall be established for commercial areas to encourage
denser multi-floor developments, job concentration, and automobile
alternatives (transit, biking, walking, and car-pooling). This reduces snow
removal, stormwater runoff and provides covered parking during summer
and winter weather.
5 Green construction of 1,750 residential units would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2.5
tons per unit per year or a total of 4,375 tons per year.
3
TCAAP MASTER PLAN DESIGN GUIDELINES
. Building specifications shall meet all environmental restrictive covenants
specified in the deed before building permits are approved.
. Vapor intrusion abatement shall meet green construction standards.
. Residential design competition shall be on a block-by-block basis. Each
builder shall develop and build the total block after approval by the design
team, City staff and Planning Commission. Blocks or development areas
shall be designated between the City and Developer.
· Before a building permit is issued, each builder shall specify with each
application what LEED, Minnesota Green Star Criteria, and ASH RAE
energy efficiency and environmental standards apply, and describe how
the development complies with these standards.
· Promote co-generation, distributed generation, solar, and geothermal
heating/cooling using underground closed cycle storage for individual or
group building systems.
· Residential building design shall provide smart site location for views of
green space, parks, water features, and kames. This could be enhanced
by housing designs that are more vertical than horizontal.
. All living units shall have cross ventilation, balconies/decks/porches,
natural light transparency and orientation to the sun for heat and shading
for cooling.
· Multi-story housing should be designed so all units have east-to-west or
north-to-south windows for cross ventilation to minimize air conditioning.
Units must be sited to receive east, south, or west sunlight with minimum
corridor area, even if more elevators are required.
· Use locally manufactured materials and minimum maintenance materials.
Landscaping and stormwater:
· Maximize green space and minimize impervious surfaces to meet
sustainability criteria with off-street pervious parking, underground parking
and ramps.
· Provide water features wherever possible, fed from building and surface
runoff and obtained by permit from the Army water treatment plant.
· Use native plants instead of turf to reduce mowing, irrigation, and
pesticides.
· Plant trees on the east and west sides of residences.
· Design for tree-lined streets, walkways and noise barriers on major
highways, parkways, and paths leading to the trail system.
· Provide 1000k stormwater retention for irrigation and to replenish ground
and surface storage. Building and street runoff shall be directed to rain
gardens or filtration areas.
· Revise the City's Code of Ordinances to require 100% on-site stormwater
management. The ordinance shall include allow a waiver of the
requirement when appropriate (e.g. commercial sites) and a fee structure
to enable the City to implement the needed treatment elsewhere in the
same watershed.
4
Environmental contamination:
. The City and Developer shall work with the MPCA and USEPA to
establish soil cleanup levels, necessary land use controls, and institutional
controls to correspond to the proposed land use.
. The City and Developer shall develop an investigative process that occurs
with each development or recreational use to assure that the controls are
met.
. The City and Developer shall ensure the presence of an environmental
specialist on site during construction to oversee any additional
contamination that might be encountered during digging.
TCAAP MASTER PLAN DESIGN GUIDELINES
Parks, Trails, and Open Space:
. Parks and trails shall connect all neighborhoods.
. Trails shall connect and provide access to Ramsey County, National
Guard, surrounding community systems, job centers, community centers,
and to the Northstar station in Fridley.
. The trails should be fully connected with the surrounding community via
tunnels or bridges across highways 96, 10, and 35W.
. Provide common open/green space in each block or common housing
area like the existing Arden Hills park system and level-3 designs in the
composite plan.
. Promote solar roofs and green roofs on office, commercial, parking
structures and multi-unit housing.
Recreation, Nature, and Sports:
. Provide north-south access to the athletic fields and the Ramsey County
area (controlled to 10 mph with speed bumps and bike paths) to assure
safe access to children and emergency vehicles and to save energy by
minimizing vehicle trips. Wildlife safe passage shall also be as present.
· Multi-use walking, biking, Segway, and motorized wheelchair trails shall
be designed to minimize congestion and provide safety and minimal
interference with automotive traffic.
. The design and planning shall integrate recreational services and facilities
with adjacent communities. Encourage multiple shared uses, buildings,
and facilities to minimize infrastructure costs with Ramsey County,
Mounds View School District, Minnesota Amateur Sports, National Guard,
and the surrounding communities and organizations.
Signage and Lighting:
. Signage shall be architectural, professional, minimal, and easy to read.
. Billboards will be prohibited.
. Regulate controlled hours of advertising lighting and parking lot lighting
when businesses are closed to the public.
· Regulate controlled hours and intensity for lighted streets, sidewalks and
trails. All lights shall be LED where applicable.
5
TCAAP MASTER PLAN DESIGN GUIDELINES
Design for Destination:6
. Consider the development of a Civic Center/Learning Center that could
attract residents to a central location in the community. It should be within
walking distance to the hotel that has small convention or conference
capability. It's possible to incorporate a small computer-based library.
. Consider the development of a Medical Center that could handle most
medical needs other than hospitalization.
. The area should have unique food and restaurants and retail. If the
development is a "big box" retail, require 2 or more stories plus structured
parking.
. Consider the development of a water tower on the kame with an
observation deck and possible restaurant and sky ride from development
area.
. Consider the development of winter sports facilities on the Ramsey
County and National Guard properties using the snow making capabilities
made available by the Army's water clean-up processes. Include lighted
cross-country ski trails and a hill for tubing and a toboggan slide.
· Plan for special events around water features such as an art fair or recycle
market with parking allowed on parkways during weekend events.
· Consider the development of a glass-enclosed, zero-net energy, mini-
museum from the 300,000 gallon water tower tank (32' diameter, 44'-6"
side walls, 12' high top cone) surrounded by a timber frame structure with
recycled timbers from the demolition of existing structures. Work with the
National Guard Historian, Army, and past TCAAP companies. Could be a
design project for U of M architecture students and a tourist attraction.
· The business development group should explore the potential to attract
bio-science, nano-technology, and other high-tech industry to TeAAP.
Also research the needs of local industry and how to utilize the research
and education resources of local colleges and the Univ. of Minnesota.
6 As suggested at the U of M Design for Health seminar
6
Attachment B
Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design - Neighborhood Development
(LEED- ND)
February 17, 2009
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