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<br />Type of Reservoir <br /> <br />There are two types of water storage facilities possible at the proposed site - surface storage <br />with booster pumps and gravity feed elevated reservoirs. There are three major factors to be <br />considered when selecting the type of water storage facilities for Centerville - cost, reliability <br />and system operation. Each of these factors is discussed in detail in the following <br />paragraphs. <br /> <br />Elevated Storage <br /> <br />Elevated storage reservoirs consist of a tank supported above the ground by a tower. The <br />height of the tower depends on the system's high water level and on the ground elevation at <br />the construction site. The height of water in the tank provides pressure on the distribution <br />system. Water flows by gravity out of the tank when the pressure in the system is low. The <br />tank :fills when the pressure in the distribution system is. greater than the water level in the <br />tank. Elevated storage is a safe source of water during emergencies and power outages, <br />since the water will flow by gravity to the point of demand. <br /> <br />An elevated water tower has the advantage of being virtually 100 percent reliable and easier <br />to operate than a surface reservoir with booster pumps. The height of water in the tank is <br />always connected to the water system and the chances of anything happening to make this <br />storage unavailable to the distribution system is very remote. <br /> <br />Ground Storage and Booster Station <br /> <br />A ground storage reservoir requires a booster station to pump water into the distribution <br />system. The reservoir fills at night through a pressure reducing valve and relies on booster <br />station pumps to provide pressure during the day. A ground storage reservoir with booster <br />station has many mechanical components that can and will fail during the life of the <br />structure. The booster station would be designed with multiple pumps and an emergency <br />generator to help reduce the likelihood of a complete booster station failure, but the chances <br />of booster station failures are still much higher than elevated tank failure. <br /> <br />Water Tower Feasibility Report <br /> <br />9 <br />