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<br />~ ' <br /> <br />.~ <br /> <br />. Users must be included in the design process; <br />. The size should not be less than 12,000 sq. it nor greater than 15,000 sq. ft; <br />. Construction costs should be approximately $8.00 per sq. ft. and include labor, materials and <br />profits for the contractor; <br />. The ideal location for a facility is in an existing or new park with access to restrooms, drinking <br />fountains and shade trees; and <br />. Different levels of the skaters' abilities must be considered, which can be accomplished by the <br />height, width, and slope of structures. <br /> <br />Injuries and IiabDity <br /> <br />Aggressive skating is a potentially dangerous sport. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety <br />Commission conducted a detailed analysis of the sport of skateboarding and found that it requires <br />complex motor skills. The maximum amount of motor skills are found in individuals that have hit <br />puberty; however, the aging process beyond the teens can begin to affect skateboard-riding <br />performance. It is recommended that children younger than five years of age should not use <br />skateboards. <br /> <br />The CPSC study found that regardless of age, experience is a key factor in reducing the likelihood <br />of injury. Another finding from this study is that in almost all cases of severe injury, the victim was <br />not wearing protective equipment at the time of the accident. The study concludes that wearing of <br />protective equipment could undoubtedly reduce both the frequency and the severity of skateboard <br />related injuries. Equipment that should be worn includes helmet, knee-pads and elbow-pads. <br /> <br />An American Medi~ Association study concluded that in-line skating and skateboarding leads to a <br />significant number of wrist and head injuries. The issue of protection against head injury is <br />particularly important because of the potential for long-term disability. <br /> <br />In its hazard analysis of skateboardS, the CPSC stated that because there is an element of risk in the <br />sport itself: even optimum conditions would not completely prevent accidental injury. An <br />experienced skateboarder, wearing full protective equipment and riding a well-engineered and <br />maintained skateboard in a carefully controlled environment is still at risk for injury or death. The <br />probability may be reduced but the risk cannot be completely eliminated. . <br /> <br />Potential liability exposure for cities include: <br /> <br />. Injuries to skaters; <br />· Injuries suffered by a bystander or spectator; <br />. Improper design, construction or manufacturing defects; <br />· Negligence based on irregularities in the skating surface due to wear or vandalism, in <br />conjunction with a failure to repair; <br />· Claims could be based on failure to warn or based on products liability (i.e., ifboards or <br />Safety equipment is rented or provided); and <br />· Injuries caused by a co-participant may give rise to claims involving failure to supervise. <br />