2008-11-05 P & R Packet - Laserfiche WebLink

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4 practitioners which is in fact so cursory in nature that the term doesn't even appear in the index of Crowe's book. The superficial way in which analysis is treated is not, however, common to other established approaches. Problem Oriented Policing for instance, a widely accepted concept developed by Herman Goldstein, Professor Emeritus at the University of Wisconsin, clearly places the emphasis on analysis over all other components of his SARA (scanning, analysis, response and assessment) model. In a February 1997 interview with Law Enforcement News, Goldstein stated "I would hope that we could see much more rigor in the analysis, that we don't jump to conclusions as to how to deal with the problem differently, but instead invest much more in thinking through very critically what we're doing and what might be done differently, getting much more comfortable with the collection and use of relevant data and its analysis". CPTED practitioners would benefit from adopting this perspective for crimes that involve more than the most basic behaviours. CPTED's offender oriented bias Another fundamental weakness is CPTED's offender-oriented bias. This is particularly true of natural surveillance which routinely speaks to opening up sightlines (a prerequisite for keeping intruders under observation) while offering virtually no insight into why "normal" people, particularly people with no stake in the property, should look. Without the answer to this question, natural surveillance is little more than a random possibility. "Territor-reality" ? The latter part of the 20th century witnessed an unprecedented drop in the respect for property and by extension property rights as witnessed by the proliferation of graffiti, gangs and the skateboarding phenomena. This effectively challenges the concept of territoriality as a generation of graffiti vandals, gang members and skateboarders effectively view public and private property as an extension of their own. I have personally witnessed the confusion that this has caused as an informal canvass of teenagers reveals a disturbing number who are unaware that unauthorized graffiti is against the law. Compounding this problem is a general deterioration of the public realm brought about by an ongoing decline in maintenance. Sources of this decline include cash strapped cities cutting back on garbage and litter collection; graffiti being tolerated, weeds being allowed to grow out of control thanks to the banning of herbicides; and even a trend towards naturalization which pushes the limits of property standard tolerances while compromising natural surveillance. Collectively these influences serve to undermine the concept of territoriality which when coupled with its somewhat "nebulous" nature to begin with (see "What Should Be CPTED's Next Step? in the December 1998 issue of Security Management magazine) shakes the very foundation upon that CPTED was built on.