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1999_1108_packet
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PROPOSAL <br />Title: Canada Goose Population Management and Ecology. <br />Prepared by: Dr. James A. Cooper, Associate Professor, Department of <br />Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. 55108 <br />(612-624-1223) <br />Importance: <br />Extirpated by market and subsistence hunting over much of its southern <br />range during settlement, the Canada goose (Branca canadensYS) has been <br />reestablished in the Midwest and elsewhere. This successful wildlife <br />management program resulted from federal, state, and private efforts <br />{Nelson 1963, Dill' and Lee 1970, and Copper 1978). <br />Contemporary landscaping and farming practices have greatly <br />enhanced Can ada goose habitat. Lawns, soybeans, small grains, and <br />pasture sown on lake and •wetland shorelines provide a super abundance <br />of brood rearing habitat in both rural and urban settings. These sites and <br />harvested agricultural crops, especially corn and small grains, are used at <br />other times of the year. This, coupled with refuges created to protest the <br />birds during establishment and the expansion of cities where hunting is <br />not permitted, has lead to a phenomenal population growth in past 20 <br />years (Cooper and Keefe 1997). <br />Because Canada geese are highly social and occur in flocks during <br />all periods of the year except nesting (Zicus 1981, Schultz 1983) and <br />graze extensively on grasses, fortis, and crops, goose flocks, particularly <br />adults with flightless young, began to damage Minnesota crops in 1980 <br />(Rose 1981) Concentrations of geese and their droppings in city parks, <br />on golf courses, and goose flights near airports have lead to a growing <br />number of complaints in urbanized areas, e. g., Denver, Minneapolis -St. <br />Paul, Toronto, Boston, and Westchester County in New York (Laycock <br />X982, Oetting 7.983). While population reductions met such as <br />capture and removal and increased hunting kill, have been used, nose <br />
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