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conduce to the health of the occupants...there is no necessity for legislative compulsion on a landlord to distribute water through the stories of his building- since if tenants require ' l of competition are sufficient to secure it...now, if It be It, self-interest and the rivalry � ure to impose an expense upon a landlord In order that tenants competent for the legislature � � • their rooms instead of in the yard or basement, at ghat point be furnished with water in th ■ - ■ ■■.a conclusion contrary to the present decisio n wou ld I nvolve r�^iustthis police power pause . . ual • species of socialism under the regime of which the individual the essential principle of that sp . • b a collective being called the 'state', a principle utterly disappears and Is absorbed � * ' our political system and necessarily fatal to our form of liberty. repugnant to the spirit of p ]� the c* health department was granted an appeal from the court Fortunately, years later, R order, and eventually the constitutionality of the law was upheld. Jacob Lawrence Veiller, and others did much during this period to champion the A. Riis, La cause of better living conditions.s. Their efforts resulted in the Tenement House Act of 1901, tion • an extremely comprehensive document for Its time. It began a milestone Ir1 housing and y p • . . ns of certain terms that were to become important in court aclorls■ vr��th concise de�nitio • provisions protection from fire, requiring that every tenement erected It contained provisions for p in 6o feet in height, should be fireproof, In addition, there were thereafter, and exceeding � . • ' ' fire escapes on both new and existing houses. More light and specific provisions regarding p coverage was restricted to not more than 70 percent on interior ventilation were required; � • . . - yards, d 90 percent on corner lots. There were special provisions governing rear ya t lots an p At least one vi�lndo�+r its and buildings on the same lot with the tenement house inner courts, � • as required for every room, including the bathroom. Minimum of specified dimensions � sire of rooms was specifed as were certain characteristics for public !Halls. Significantly included were provision �s concerning planning for the individual apartments in order to he most important provisions of the Tenement Act was the assure privacy. one oft p p water and water closets in each apartment in new tenement requirement for running houses. special attention was g requiring given to basements and cellars, the law requiring not only also that permits be obtained before they were occupied. One that they be damp proof but a p novel section of this act prohibited the use of any part of the building as a house of prostitution. ■ methodology established 'in the Tenement Act of 1901 still The basic principles and meth �y . - efforts in New York City today. Philadelphia, a city that can u nderl le much of the housing the standpoint of age,was fortunate to have farsighted be compared#o with New York from p i - development. Since , w leaders in its early stake of d e 1909ith the establishment of the p Philadelphia Housing �ssociatio - n tine city has had almost continual inspection and improvement. ■ i o centuries younger than New York, it enacted Although Chicago Is approximately y housing legislation as eddy as 1 889 and health legislation as early as 1 88 1. Regulations • and plumbing of dwellings were put Into effect in 1 896. Many o�ventilation, drainage, � � � of the structures, however* vere built of wood, were dilapidated, and constituted serious 3