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Jertical Elements Speed —Humps/ Tables <br />Purpose <br />A physical feature (usually made of <br />asphalt or rubber mounds) that are <br />designed to rise above the roadway <br />surface and extend across the roadway <br />perpendicular to the traffic flow. Typically <br />used to reduce vehicle speeds. <br />Spume Institute of Transportation Engineers Traffic Calm, State of <br />aaorce <br />Effects <br />Volumes <br />May reduce traffic volumes <br />Speed <br />Effective in slowing vehicles traveling at typical residential speeds to <br />approximately 5 to 15 mph depending on type installed at the device — may <br />reduce overall speeds by 5 to 7 mph. <br />Traffic Noise and Air <br />May have an increase of noise at the bumps/humps <br />Traffic Safety <br />Traffic safety has not been found to be compromised with these devices. Traffic <br />safety benefits can be gained if speeding is involved. <br />Advantages <br />• Reduces speeds <br />• Usually reduces traffic volumes <br />• Does not require parking removal or interfere with bicycle /pedestrian traffic <br />Disadvantages <br />• Can potentially increase noise <br />• Can cause traffic to shift to parallel residential or collector streets <br />• May decrease emergency vehicles response times <br />Problems Targeted <br />• Excessive speed <br />• High volumes <br />Design <br />• Speed humps are only effective for 250 feet on either side of the hump. Thus, a <br />neighborhood considering speed hump installation would require two to three <br />installations. <br />