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Public policy is changing as well. Policies at the federal, state, and local levels are beginning to encourage more compact development in an effort to reduce oil use and out emissions of greenhouse gases by cars and trucks. After all, the greenest energy- efficient building located in an outer-ring greenfield uses more energy than anaverage building in an urbanized area. The challenge presented by this reurbanization is that once the economy recovers and household formation resumes, the demand for urban housing will greatly outstrip the supply. This imbalance is likely to continue for the rest of the current decade and beyond. Producing enough urban housing to meet this demand, even in the close-in suburbs, requires infiLL development, which is time consuming and costly. As metropolitan regions urbanize, not all will grow suthe same cue. As often happens, even during a time of continuing population growth, some regions will grow slowly or not at all. Which these will be is likely to shift from what has been the case in past decades. Job growth and population increases go hand in hand, and it is often hard to tell which is the driver and which is the result. The migration to the Sunbelt, for instance, produced millions of new jobs as homes, stores, and other amenities were created for the newcomers. This trend has seen a sharp shift in the past year. In December 2009, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that the Sunbelt migration had come to a sudden halt. Population growth in four of the fastest-growing states has stopped. In Arizona, population growth has slowed precipitously, dropping the state to eighth in the country in overall growth from first three years ago. Florida, Nevada, and California experienced net out-migca- tion for the first time indecades.