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<br />Entrez PubMed <br /> <br />wysiwyg:! 1l1/http://www .ncbi.nllll.nih .gov/... =iconabstr&query Jl1=2&itool=publlled _ dOCSUlll <br /> <br /> <br />P b <br />U.... <br /> <br /> <br />A,ffi~~e ~~{:::~:~~:~:;~~:':f~':"~:::~:~:; ~:~:-:.;:::;~. <br /> <br /> <br />,rSign In U~ <br /> <br />All Databases PubMed Nucleotide Protein Genome Structure OMIM PMC Journals <br /> <br />:;:::;:.,..-.:.:::;:.-, .;.:.;.;.....;... ;:;:;:::;:::;:;:::::::;::;:;::;;::;:;:;:;:;::;:;::;:;:;:;:::::::::;:;:;::::":"::/: ;:;:;:::;:;:::::::;:::::::...... .................::..;...... ;:;:::::::::;::;:;:;:;:;:::::::::::::::;:;"<::;:;:;:;:;::;:;:;:-;-;.;. ... .,.......,.......,.........,.,..-...-........................ <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />:::;:;:~:=:~;:~:::::::::::':>:::;::>>:;:>:>:>:>:':=:=:':':':'>>:;::x::':::;x::=:::::=>>:':::>;::,:,:>:>:>:>x::;:>:>:;x::::::;;-;:>:>:::>:>;::::>::::;:;:;::>:>:>:::=:,:::::>:::::::>:>:>:>:::>:::::::::>:>>>:>::;::>:>:>:;;:;>:::>:>>>:::>:>:>;::::::'>>:00:>>>>>5::::>>;:;:>>::;:;:; .......... ...... .... ........... ............ <br /> <br />1!III!il!I~~1!1~11111'!iiiiiiii!;!!!!!!!!i!!I!!!!!I!!i!!I!I!III!IIII:liii,lll;;!;!!!~III~,I,II~,li;!!!;~!!illillil!!!!ll~~,~f,ii[!iilii!lili <br />......................--............ ... .......... <br />....... ....................... <br /> <br /> <br />'H: Aquat Toxicol. 2004 May 28;68(1):1-12. <br /> <br />Related Articles, Links <br /> <br />....................................... <br />~ [{ L s. :e: ':;,/ :i :t~::: ~:<. <br />~~~~I~~~~~~l~~~~~~~%:}l~~nl~f~~~~U: <br /> <br />Responses of benthic fish exposed to contaminants in outdoor <br />microcosms--examining the ecological relevance of previous <br />laboratory toxicity tests. <br /> <br />Hopkins W A, Staub BP, Snodgrass JW, Taylor BE, DeBiase AE, Roe <br />JR, Jackson BP, Congdon JD. <br /> <br />Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Drawer E, <br />Aiken, SC 29802, USA. hopkins@srel.edu <br /> <br />[Previous laboratory studies indicate that coal combustion wastes (a mixture <br />composed of fly ash and other lower volume wastes such as bottom ash~ <br />hereafter collectively referred to as ash) adversely affect the health of benthic <br />fish (Erimyzon sucetta; lake chub sucker), but fish in these studies were <br />provided with ample uncontaminated food resources. Because aquatic <br />disposal of ash can also adversely affect food resources for benthic fish, we <br />hypothesized that changes in resources might exacerbate the effects of ash on <br />fish observed in laboratory studies. We exposed juvenile E. sucetta in <br />outdoor microcosms to water, sediment, and benthic resources from an <br />ash-contaminated site or a reference site for 45 days and compared our <br />findings to previous laboratory studies. Benthic invertebrate biomass was <br />nearly three times greater in controls compared to ash microcosms. Total <br />organic content of control sediment (41 %) was also greater than in ash <br />sediments (17%), suggesting that additional benthic resources may have also <br />been limited in ash microcosms. Benthic invertebrates isolated from the ash <br />microcosms had trace element concentrations (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Se, Sr, <br />and V) up to 18 times higher than in weathered ash used in laboratory <br />studies. The concentrations of trace elements accumulated by fish reflected <br />the high dietary concentrations encountered in the ash microcosms and were <br /> <br />101'2 <br /> <br />5/21/200611:21 PM <br />