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<br />. 2002 Mar;17(3):209-21.
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<br />Related Articles, Links
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<br />Respirable concrete dust--silicosis hazard in the construction
<br />industry.
<br />
<br />Linch KD.
<br />
<br />Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Surveillance Branch, National
<br />Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia,
<br />USA.
<br />
<br />Concrete is an extremely important part of the infrastructure of modern life
<br />and must be replaced as it ages. Many of the methods of removing,
<br />repairing, or altering existing concrete structures have the potential for
<br />producing vast quantities of respirable dust. Since crystalline silica in the
<br />form of quartz is a major component of concrete, airborne respirable quartz
<br />dust may be produced during construction work involving the disturbance of
<br />concrete, thereby producing a silicosis hazard for exposed workers. Silicosis
<br />is a debilitating and sometimes fatal lung disease resulting from breathing
<br />microscopic particles of crystalline silica. Between 1992 and 1998, the
<br />National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) made visits
<br />to construction projects where concrete was being mechanically disturbed in
<br />order to obtain data concerning respirable crystalline silica dust exposures.
<br />The construction activities studied included: abrasive blasting, concrete
<br />pavement sawing and drilling, and asphalt/concrete milling. Air samples of
<br />respirable dust were obtained using 10-mm nylon cyclone pre-separators,
<br />37-mm polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters, and constant-flow pumps
<br />calibrated at 1.7 L/min. In addition, high-volume respirable dust samples
<br />were obtained on 37-mm PVC filters using 1/2" metal cyclones (Sensidyne
<br />model 18) and constant-flow pumps calibrated at 9.0 L/min. Air sample
<br />analysis included total weight gain by gravimetric analysis according to
<br />NIOSH Analytical Method 600 and respirable crystalline silica (quartz and
<br />cristobalite) using x-ray diffraction, as perNIOSH Analytical Method 7500.
<br />For abrasive blasting of concrete structures, the respirable crystalline silica
<br />(quartz) concentration ranged up to 14.0 mg/m3 for a 96-minute sample
<br />resulting in an eight-hour time-weighted average (TW A) of 2. 8 mg/m3. For
<br />drilling concrete highway pavement the respirable quartz concentrations
<br />ranged up to 4.4 mg/m3 for a 358-minute sample, resulting in an eight-hour
<br />
<br />http://www . ncbi .nlm. nih.gov /entrez/ query .fcgi? cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstra... 5/21/2006
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