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coniferous swamps and the hardwood swamps are generally the outside ring of wet meadows or <br />shallow marshes. <br />Hardwood swamps are dominated by deciduous hardwood trees and have soils that are saturated <br />during much of the growing season, and may be inundated by as much as a foot of standing <br />water. Dominant trees include black ash, red maple, yellow birch and, south of the vegetation <br />tension zone, silver maple. The shrub layer of hardwood swamps is often composed of shrub - <br />sized individuals of the dominant tree species, as well as the dogwoods and alder species of <br />shrub swamps. Groundlayer species include some of the ferns, sedges, grasses and forbs of <br />sedge meadows and wet meadows. <br />Seasonally Flooded Basins— Seasonally flooded basins are poorly drained, shallow depressions <br />that may have standing water for a few weeks each year, but are usually dry for much of the <br />growing season. These basins may be kettles in glacial deposits, low spots in outwash plains, or <br />depressions in floodplains. They are frequently cultivated. However, when these basins are not <br />cultivated, wetland vegetation can become established. Typical species include smartweeds, <br />beggarticks, nut - grasses, and wild millet. <br />City of Roseville 19 <br />Parks Natural Resource Management <br />