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� : � ': � ;i. : ,� �--' <br />r, r"1T' �. �` •� � .; < <br />+�S '�� ,�� S� ',. � <br />� . �:it ` a :vy �*`_ <br />y � <br />� � '� r�`�' �'� r . �F'a �. �� � <br />a � <br />? y`� � `�`�� � ��� i�; � <br />.. �, � <br />- . -:>�_�r..H .. ..,f��_•;£.r-;.�-.. <br />E, tt� e-`_� t._`�„ .� t1 ��� �'�`t� �v'�€ Y h I E ��� � � F�' . <br />,� Hot mix asphalt pavement is completely recyclable. Before repaving an existing road the upper asphalt <br />surface is milled off. The removed material is called Reclaimed (or Recycled) Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and <br />is added to new mix while it is being made at the asphalt facility. Recycling asphalt pavement reduces the <br />quantiry of new material required, lessens environmental impacts from the facility, and minimizes disposal of <br />old pavement in community landfills. Asphalt pavement is the most widely recycled product in the U.S., both <br />in terms of tonnage and percentage. Approximately 80% of the asphalt pavement removed from roadways <br />during maintenance is recycled each year (approx 80.3 million tons). Other recyclable products, such as <br />glass, rubber tires, and roofing shingles, can also be used in the production of hot mix asphalt. Paving <br />mixtures containing RAP are referred to as recycled asphalt mix (RAM�. Advances in technology are leading <br />to increased RAP usage. <br />. , . �I f .{I.t`�.' ,�° . ,_k �:. C I _ . . I` I I � I li� I i €!''' <br />The burners of most aggregate dryers run on fuel oils or natural gas. These fuels are hydrocarbons (com- <br />pounds containing hydrogen and carbon atoms) and produce carbon dioxide �CO � and water (H20) <br />during complete combustion. However, no actual combustion process ever completely �urns all of the fuel. <br />Thus, the exhaust stream will include moisture, particulate matter, products of combustion, and unconsumed <br />nitrogen and oxygen molecules from the air. The products of combustion generally include carbon monoxide <br />(CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx�, sulfur dioxide (SO2�, and hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons can fall into <br />several categories, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). All of these pollutants are measured in the <br />exhaust stream in parts per million (ppm). Pollutant emission rates depend on fuel type and aggregate source, <br />as well as plant design. Modern asphalt facility burners are extremely clean burning and, therefore, typically <br />produce only very slight amounts of VOCs. <br />� <br />� <br />>- .,� <br />� <br />�� <br />_.._�� �-,.� <br />�.,�.��..t.., .�.�_ �. , <br />-Y��., �..�-:- .. ��_-:;���::�.�.�a .n:�-b_<.��--�:::,�.�.,.� _�.�..��.__..�..�_ � Y:�=�.-�e.�-..� _��:�:���_:,;-a : �. _.� a�.��,��,��•.�� <br />