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<br /> <br /> <br />fund <br />from <br />water and sewer, <br /> <br />items may be handled in the same manner <br />fund fund <br />public transportation or solid waste, <br /> <br />but should be itemized and <br />may be made such functions as <br /> <br />In can occur that must be reconciled to a clean data series. <br />errors can result. Common sources of forecasting error are changes in tax rates or <br />assessment procedures, consolidation of or transfer of services, one time capital outlays, interfund <br />transfers, and end-of-year balances, <br /> <br /> <br />To correct for changes in tax practices the new rate or assessment procedure should be applied to the old <br />tax base the amount of funds that would have been raised equivalent assessment <br />or rates. If services have been transferred or consolidated, the projection series should <br />data that reflect the consolidation or change in service. One-time capital should either be removed <br />from the data or distributed over the historic period on an average annual outlay basis, Interfund transfers <br />should be traced and counted as an expenditure only in the account in which they are expended for a <br />particular object or function. With respect to end-of-year fund balances, only uncommitted balances <br />should be carried forward as a source of funds for the subsequent year. <br /> <br />Capital Facilities <br />Analysis of capital facilities relies on expert judgement combined with deterministic techniques. Facility <br />forecasts may be based 00 review of capital improvement plans or application of existing or planned <br />facility standards, A recent capital improvements plan (ClP) can often serve as the starting point for the <br />capital facility analysis, <br /> <br />To estimate the demand for new capital facilities, existing capacities must be determined Next, projects <br />itemized in the ClF' should be distinguished according to how much, if any, new capacity is provided as <br />opposed to upgrades, repairs and replacements of existing facilities, The information in the ClP can be <br />supplemented by interviews with departmental and capital projects staff. <br />Another technique is to apply capital-facility standards appropriate to the community to the projected <br />population or development. <br /> <br />Capacity for water or sewer facilities can be projected based on usage characteristics of a new <br />development. This necessitates estimation of flow volumes for each development type to determine the <br />total average and peak daily flows, The result can then be compared to the existing system capacity to <br />determine if and when additional treatment capacity is required, <br /> <br />5 <br />