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the recycling. Roseville's two -sort program always had a residual rate below 2%. Many single -sort programs have residual rates well over 10%. After the transition to single -sort in Roseville, Eureka Recycling conducted the annual composition analysis of the material collected just in this city. What we found was that while the residual rate did go up slightly to 2.47%, Roseville still has a residual rate lower than most cities in the country. Engaging with residents through education, including the Guide to Recycling, educational tags and postcards, continues to lead to a lower residual rate. This outreach and education also creates buy -in, inspiring people to support and participate in their zero -waste recycling program. Regular communications, our zero -waste hotline, and household -specific education efforts make it easy for Roseville residents to stay informed, and be clear about what is and is not recyclable in their city. The most common non -recyclable materials found in Roseville are plastic bags, black plastic packaging, and bulky plastic items like buckets and toys. In the past the driver collecting the material set out at each house would have been able to see these items in the recycling bins and leave them behind with a tag letting the resident know why they could not be taken. This also refereed the resident to our zero waste hotline and website for more infonnation. If decreasing the amount of unrecyclable items set out by residents is best accomplished through direct education at the curb then moving to carts can be a challenge. There is a gain in convenience by using carts which leads to more people are recycling. But, there is a loss in the ability to educate residents on a house -by -house basis. Instead, Eureka Recycling and the City used the city newsletter, our zero waste hotline, and the guide to recycling to help residents understand what items to leave out of their recycling. A residual rate under 2.5% shows that those efforts are successful. But more can be done here to help residents. By continuing to educate them about non -recyclable items and the problems they pose for processing facilities and end market manufacturers we can continue to build awareness and reduce the amounts of the items they put in their recycling. Additionally, we can continue to work with, and if necessary put pressure on, manufacturers to make sure all of the packaging they make is recyclable or compostable. 6