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Understanding the baseline emissions from each sector allows targets to beset to decrease emissions overtime. Using the wedge diagram tool, emissions reductions can be visualized to see which strategies have the greatest impact. The planned emissions graph (Figure 5) shows businesses -as -usual emissions to demonstrate the emissions reductions that result from the actions in this plan. The gray line across the top of the wedges depicts the business -as -usual (BAU) emissions; the wedges beneath the BAU line represent carbon emissions reduction by sector over time. The CAP focuses on strategies that can be implemented by 2030 (orange dashed line) to set the city on a trajectory toward its ultimate goal of being carbon neutral by 2040. The gray and dark gray wedges at the bottom represent the remaining emissions that will need to be met through implementation of the advanced strategies. In other words, realizing the targets of every strategy of the seven action areas will not get the city to carbon neutral. The remaining emissions come from transportation (especially heavy-duty vehicles and air travel), and natural gas consumption in buildings that have exhausted efficiency measures. The city will need to evaluate its progress and make adjustments along the way to ensure that it continues to reduce emissions. PLANNED EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS BY SECTOR tonnes CO2e 1,000,000 900,000 800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 - ECommercial/Industrial Efficiency Residential Efficiency 300,000 ■ Electric Grid Mix Renewable Energy 200,000 ■ Travel Strategies 100,000 0 Waste Strategies ■ Advanced Thermal Strategies & Offsets ■ Advanced Travel Strategies & Offsets I 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Business -As -Usual ••••• Goal Figure 5 Total emissions reductions resulting from CAP implementation The Advanced Strategies section of the CAP offers suggestions for various technologies that, while more complicated to implement and require long-range planning, will have significant impact on reducing the city's carbon emissions. Advances in technologies may be available in the future to help further reduce those emissions. For instance, there are companies that are working on electric heavy-duty trucks; electric buses are increasingly integrated into public fleets; and building efficiency and renewable technologies continue to show promise to displace emissions from natural gas.