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4. Newspaper bags, door -hanger bags, laundry -dry cleaning bags, bags used to protect <br />fine art paper or bags sold in packages containing multiple bags intended for use as <br />garbage, pet waste, or yard waste bags; or <br />5. Bags made out of paper. <br />(b) Pass -through charge. Pass -through charge means a charge to be collected by <br />retailers from their customers when providing carryout bags and retained by retailers to <br />offset the cost of bags and other costs related to the pass -through charge. <br />(c) Retail establishment. A retail establishment means any person, corporation, <br />partnership, business venture, public sports or entertainment facilities, government <br />agency, street vendor or vendor at public events or festivals or organizations that sell or <br />provide merchandise, goods, or materials including, without limitation, clothing, food, <br />beverages, household goods, or personal items of any kind directly to a customer. Not - <br />for -profit organizations, food banks and other food assistance programs are not <br />considered to be retail establishment for the purposes of this section. <br />Section 24-41. Pass -through charge <br />(a) Retail establishments shall collect a pass -through charge of not less than five cents <br />for each carryout bag provided to customers. It shall be a violation of this section for <br />any retail establishment to pay or otherwise reimburse a customer for any portion of the <br />pass -through charge. All retail establishment shall indicate on the customer's <br />transaction receipt the number of carryout bags provided and the total amount of the <br />pass -through charge. <br />(b) No retail establishment shall collect a pass through charge for items purchased by <br />any person using Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) or Women, <br />Infants, and Children (WIC) Program funds as full or partial payment. <br />(c) No retail establishment shall charge a pass through fee or prevent a customer from <br />using a bag of any kind that the customer brought for the purposes of carrying goods <br />from such business establishment. <br />Section 24-42. Signage <br />Retail establishment must post signage clearly indicating the per bag charge for <br />carryout bags. <br />Section 24-43. Enforcement and Penalties <br />(a) The city clerk shall be authorized to assist with the enforcement of the provisions of <br />this article. Violations of this article may be enforced as administrative offenses pursuant <br />to Chapter 12 of the Duluth City Code. This article may also be enforced by injunction, <br />abatement, mandamus, or any other appropriate civil, administrative or criminal remedy <br />in any court of com petent jurisdiction. <br />(b) A fine may be imposed upon any retail establishment that has provided a carryout <br />bag to a customer in violation of this Article, as follows: <br />1. A fine not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100.00) for a first violation; <br />2. A fine not exceeding two hundred dollars ($200.00) for a second violation within one <br />