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17 11 '1 1 11 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 R9Ce St.. Philadelphia. Pa. 19103 rn.m l••Dvnrhiri .')hH a .ok . r .1: T\t ir.n%..ras P.r• ' i Standard Method for PENETRATION TEST .4 \-D SPLIT-B:LRREU SAMPLIXG OF SOILS` (a] ASTM Designation: D 1586 - 67 This Standard of the American Society for Testing sad Materials is issued under the toed designation D 1586; the number immediately following the design&• tion indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last rapprov&1- I. Scope 1.1 This method describes a procedure for using a split -barrel sampler to obtain representative samples of soil for identifi- cation purposes and other laboratory tests, and to obtain a measure of the resistance of the soil to penetration of the sampler. 2. Apparatus 2.1 Drilling Equipment --:any drilling equipment shall be acceptable that pro- vides a reasonably clean hole before insertion of the sampler to ensure that the penetration test is performed or. un- disturbed soil, and that will permit the driving of the sampler to obtain the sample and penetration record in ac- cordance with the procedure described in 3. Procedure. To avoid "whips" under the blows of the hammer, it is recom- mended that the drill rod have a stiffness equal to or greater than the A -rod, An ''A" rod is a hollow drill rod or "steel" having an outside diameter of if in. or 1.2 mm and an insidt diameter of 1} in. or 28.5 mm, through which the rotary motion of drilling is transferred 1 Under tha stiWardi;,lion procedure of the Society, this method 6 under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee D•18 on Soil and Rock for Encineering Purposes. A list of member etas he found in the AST.Nt fear Book. Current edition accepted Oct. 20, 1967. Origutall3• issued 1938. Replaces n 1586 - 64 T. livomiuv, M. J.. Surface E:DI,►otion and Samptirw of Soils for Civil Swineer:np Purposes, The Engineering Foundation, 346 E:'ut 47th St.. New York. N. Y. 10017. from the drilling Motor to the cutting bit. A stiffer drill rod is suggested for holes deeper than 50 ft (13 m). The hole shall be limited in diameter to between 2; and 6 in. (57.2 and 132 mm).2 2.2 Split -Barrel Sampler -The sam- pler shall be constructed with the dimen- sions indicated in Fig. 1. The drive shot shaU be of hardened steel and shall be replaced or repaired when it becomes dented or distorted. The coupling head shall have four }-in. (12.7-mm) '(r irsi- mum diameter) vent ports and sball contain a baU check valve. if sizes other than the 2-in. (50.8-mm) sampler are pe..-mitted, the size shall be conspicuously noted on all penetration records. 2.3 Dri:c lVeighl Assembly-Mne as- seribly shall cotuist of a 140-lb (63.3•l•g) weight, a driving head, and a► guide permitting a free fall of 30 in. (0,76 rn). Special precautions shall be taken to e-lsu:e that the energy of the falling weight is not reduced by friction be- tween the drive weight and the guides, 2.4 Aecetsory Equipment -- Labels, data sheets, sample jars, paraffin, and other necessary supplies should accom- pany the sampling equipment. 3. Procedure 3.1 Clear out the hole to sampling elevation using equipment that will en- sure that the material to be sampled is not disturbed by the operation. In sat• urated sands and silts withdraw the drill bit slowly to prevent loosening of the soil around the hole. Maintain the pater level in the hole at or above ground water level. 3.2 In ao case shall a bottom-dis. charge bit be permitted, (Side-discbarge bits are permissible.) The process of jetting through an open -tube sampler and then sampling when the desired depth is reached shall not be pe ,. fitted. Mere casing is used, it may not be driven below sampling elevation. Record any loss of circUlation or excess pressure in drilling fluid duuing advancing of holes, 3.3 With the sampler resting on the bottom of the hole, drive the sample: with blows from the 140-lb (63Z-k:) hammer falling 30 in, (0.76 m) until either 18 in. (0.45 m) have been pene- trated or 100 blows have been applied 3.4 Repeat this operation at intervals not longer than a ft (1.5 m) in homogene- ous strata sad at every change of sta-ata. 3.5 Rercrd the number of blows re- quired to effect each 6 in. (0.13 m) of Penetration or fractions thereof. The first 6 in. (0.15 rn) is coasidemd to be a seating drive. The number of blows re- quired for the second and third 6 in. (0.15 m) of penetration added is termed the penetration resistance. 1Y. If the sampler is driven less th= 18 in. (OAS m), the penetration resistance is that for the last 1 f t (0.30 ra) of penetration (if less than 1 ft (0.30 m) is penetaatel, :.he logs shall state the number o; blows and the t:act-on of 1 ft (0.30 :n) P1.e"e;:ated;. 3.6 Brine the sampler to the tiurface and open. Describe carefully typical