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J CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES ASTM Designation: D 2487 — 69 AND D 2488 — 69 (Unified Soil Classification System) Major divisions Group symbols Typical names Classification criteria y Well -graded gravels and Cu : D600 greater than 4; CD GW gravel -sand mixtures, little y c ,'fl or no fines C = /D3oJ2 between 1 and 3 Z U co c y D10XD60 w 0) Poorly graded gravels and 9 V rn U GP gravel -sand mixtures, little y Not meeting both criteria for GW $ Z or no fines N N V) o m 0 C7 ° y C 3i N H �' a` 2 w GM Silty gravels, gravel -sand• w a Ci � � Atterberg limits below y 8 E ._ r �. silt mixtures a "A" line or P.I. less Atterberg I imi is plot. than 4 yN o a: 9y ; 9, 0 0 � Z ting in hatched area 6 c are borderline classifi- �, Z Clayey gravels, gravel- GC"A" Atterberg limits above cations requiring use ° sand -clay mixtures line with P.I. of dual symbols c greater than 7 c 6 m Well -graded sands and gra- ° > Cu o D60 greater than 6; Dio SW velly sands, little or no m N c 0 U Ln M tines c O m C_ (D30)2 between 1 and 3 N D ° o CN ,N i o x D6o a: Poorly graded sands and M ° 2 0 ° i5 r N 8'a U SP gravelly sands, little or no fines y N . Not meeting both criteria for SW v: 0 N �60 v. �Z N N _� U ` m y c SM Silty sands, Sand -silt mix- Atterber a ti g limits below N �= tures 6 "A" line or P.I. less Atterberg l i m i t s plot than 4 N ° c ting in hatched area o y a) are borderline classifi- J in E o C SC Clayey sands, sand clay Atterber limits above cations requiring use "A" line of dual symbols ,n mixtures with Pve greater than 7 Inorganic silts, very fine Plasticity Chart y ML sands, rock flour, silty or 60 clayey fine sands ° For classification of fine-grained �e Inorhei.ic clays of low to soils and fine fraction of coarse. ,n CL medium Plasticity. gravelly 50 grained soils. clays. sandy clays, silty Atterberg L i m i g s p l o tt i n g in CH �.E clays, lean clays hatched area are borderline °' classifications requiring use of y y a x 40 dual symbols. g OL Organic silts and organic Equation of A -line: m —� silty clays of low plasticity PI =0.73 ILL -20) ; 0 3079 ) y Inorganic silts. micaceous M X.t'� OH and MH MH 0a M or diatomaceous fine sands or silts, 0- elastic silts 20 ,•P m CL v Inorganic clays of high 10 HCH plasticity, fat clays = .E CL-ML ML and OL in 4 °4OHhigh ganic clays of medium to 0 � plasticity 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 J Liquid Limit u �a•E Nat, muck and other highly oanic soils 'Based on the material passing the 3 in. (76 mm) sieve.