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] of Health and Human Services; Health Effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco � Smoke,1999); and � � Irritants in ETS cause 150,000 cases annually of bronchitis and pneumonia (3,000 S cases in NIl�. Irritants also cause 700,000 cases annually of middle ear infections in fi children in the U.S. (14,000 in Minnesota) (U.S. Departmentof Health and Human F Services; Health Effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke, 1999); and � ] �i al ] `� i f? L� L� 16 1� ]$ 1� �� �l �� �� �� �5 26 �� �8 �� 3� 3] 3� 33 �� 3� 3� �7 3� 39 �� �1 �? �3 � �� �� �� �� ETS rapidly diffuses throughout a room. Using indoor air quality standards, ventilation rates would have to be increased more than a thousandfold to reduce cancer risk associated with ETS. Such ventilation rate would result in a virtual windstorm indoors {Repace, J. "Risk Management and Passive Smoking at Work and at Home," St. Louis UniversityPublic Law Review,l��j: 763-785,1994); and The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Healthy People 2010 has as one of its objectives to cut exposure to ETS by non-smokers from 65°/a in 1994 to 45% in 2010 (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Healthy People 2010, Washington D.C., U.S. Departmentof Health Human Services 2000); and Sitting in a smoke-free section of a restaurant for two hours is like smoking 1'/z cigarettes (Presentation by Katherine Hammond, PhD, University of California School of Public Health); and Nine out of ten non-smokers are exposed to ETS at least once every 2 to 3 days (Journal of the American Medical Association, January 1998). Despite the foregoing, many citizens choose to continue smoking and choose to patronize and to work in bars and restaurants that permit smoking. Sec.238.02 Definitions. As used in this ordinance: (a� "establishment" means the portion of a building, including the infrastructure, that is typically reviewed, assessed, inspected, and included as part of the plan review, licensing, and monitoringprocesses of food andlor beverage facilities. It also includes, in the case of multi-purpose buildings and rooms and for�the purposes of this ordinance, those portions of the building that are being used for food and/or beverage services during an event. (b� "licensed liquor establishment" means an establishment that has an on-sale intoxicating liquor license; an on-sale non-intoxicating liquor license ; a wine license and/or a strong beer license issued pursuant to Chapters 409 or 410 of the Saint Paul Legislative Code, as amended from time to time, but does not include the guest rooms of a hotel or motel. Public Smoking ord Bostrom 7•28-04.wpd Page 2 of 7