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hybrid trucks in 2009. Volvo's hybrid technology consists of a 320 Review of Trash horsepower diesel engine which shuts down at rest combined with Collection an electric motor that powers the truck at speeds up to 12 miles per hour. Regenerative braking is used as a means to recapture Impacts energy to recharge the lithium ion batteries. Besides being much quieter, gas savings and CO2 emission reductions on the order of 20-30 percent are expected.14 Waste Management Inc. has reported that it is exploring using waste methane (bio-methane) from its landfills as a fuel for trash trucks. The Orange County Transportation Authority in southern California is currently using methane from the county's landfills in a portion of its LNG fleet. Reducing engine idle speeds, maintaining proper fire pressure, maintaining air filters and other steps can also be taken to improve fuel efficiency and minimize engine emissions. Analysis As discussed above, with the 2010 EPA standards emissions from new diesel engines- will be a fraction of what they were less than 10 years ago. When all trash trucks achieve compliance with those standards there will be a significant improvement in the emissions from trash trucks operating in the City. The most significant step the City can take to reduce trash truck emissions is, therefore, to establish a specific timeline for licensed haulers (residential and commercial) to bring their fleets into compliance with EPA's 2010 emission requirements. The State of California established such a timeline requiring fleet operators to bring their fleets into compliance with specific standards within a relatively short time frame). At a minimum the City could ban the registration of any truck prior to 1994, in order to remove some of the dirtiest, most polluting engines from the road. Idle-in-gear technology and automatic engine shut-off systems would also provide for additional emission reductions'S. While natural gas engines already meet the 2010 requirements the lack of Iota[ fueling infrastructure and other factors likely preclude this as a viable short- to medium-term option in the City. Also, while Biodiesel may offer same emission benefits, operational problems cited by some of the haulers will need to be addressed for this to represent a reliable long term option. Implementing a Districted Collection System or City-Wide Contract for Services would also be expected to reduce overall vehicle '" Volvo introduces first hybrid garbage truck, works on DME fuel, Posted Apr 8th 2008 71:47AM by Jeremy Korzeniewski; www. autabloggree n. tom. '~ This could then be followed by an ongoing graduated compliance schedule that would ban vehicles prior to 1998, 2002 and 2007 aver some reasonable time frame. Section 2 - 11