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yyrap Up and Action Have students discuss how water ~~ the pump became contami- nated. Tell them that the disease broke out in India prior to the London epidemic. Point out that S~Ce ships travel to many countries, ~1ey often transport diseases. p~cuss with students why most forth Americans need not worry about becoming infected with cholera. Some students who have traveled abroad may have received a cholera vaccination. Why was this nece~'Y? Have students research how patho- Bens are prev~rited from. entering their water supplies. Students can make a poster of water diseases-that have occurred in their community and how people can avoid contract- ingthem. p ssmen Have students: • use investigative skills to trace the source of a waterborne disease (steps 4, 5, and 6). No#es Extens+or~s Students can research recent out- breaks of waterborne epidemics in the United States (e.g., Alabama- 1.991; Milwaukee-1993). Have students study their community's water resources. •Obtain a map of the water system. Visit a water treatment plant. Talk with community water managers and determine the methods and fre- quency of water testing. How would water suppliers and health depart- ment officials manage outbreaks of disease? By visiting local museuals and reading old diaries and. newspapers, students may research the history of waterborne diseases and epidemics in their community, region, and/or state. A host of other diseases depend on water-breeding insects to survive. These include malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, and encephalitis. Malaria alone infects 800 million people annually and over 1 million die each year. Poison Pump Have students research diseases that directly result from water scarcity- trachoma, leprosy, conjunctivitis, and scabies. Cholera, typhus, infec- tious hepatitis, diarrhea, and dysen- tery occur because of poor water quality. Diarrhea and dysentery kill tens of thousands of children around the world each yeaz. Resources Balows, Albert, and William J. Hausler, et al. 1991. Manual of Clinical Micrabiology, 5th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbi- ology. Baron, Fu-egold, and Peterson. 1994. Diagnostic Microbiology, 9th ed. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby Publishing Co. Howard, Barbara J., ed. 1994. Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology, 2nd ed. St Louis, Mo.: Mosby Publishing Co. Snow, john, M.D.1965. Snow on Cholera, New York, N.Y.: Hafner Publishing Co. 95