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IEE - Environmental Info. <br />Carbon Monoxide <br />Page 2 of 8 <br />Carbon Monoxide is the result of incomplete combustion. The auxiliary fuels <br />used to quicken the cremation (natural gas, LP gas or oil) as well as the <br />products of combustion given off during the cremation of the body and <br />container must be completely burned to avoid significant emissions of carbon <br />monoxide. <br />Both of these fuel sources, auxiliary fuel and products of combustion must be <br />combined with a proper amount of oxygen and then subjected to sufficient <br />temperature (1400°F or above) and turbulence to mix them. The end result is <br />carbon dioxide (CO2). If sufficient amounts of oxygen, temperature or <br />turbulence are not available, the result is less carbon dioxide and more <br />carbon monoxide. <br />Chart 3. Average Emissions of <br />Carbon Monoxide <br />100 <br />100 <br />Emissions- g� � <br />Parts per 60 <br />Million @ 40 <br />7% Oxygen 20 2.8 0.4 6.0 <br />0 I--' �, , , <br />1400 1600 1800 Typical <br />deg. F deg. F deg. F Limit <br />Hydrogen Chloride (HCL) <br />Hydrogen chloride is a gaseous pollutant produced by cremating plastic <br />containing chlorine. Typical cremation systems have no ability to reduce the <br />amount of hydrogen chloride emitted. For every pound of chlorinated plastics <br />introduced into a cremator, approximately 0.55 pound of gaseous hydrogen <br />chloride is emitted in the exhaust. <br />Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) These are gaseous pollutants created in the <br />combustion process because of the presence of nitrogen in the air and in the <br />materials being burned. Control of NOX emissions from crematories is difficult <br />to achieve. <br />Sulfur Dioxide (S02) LP gas, along with the remains and container, contain <br />small amounts of sulfur, which can be released as sulfur dioxide during <br />combustion. Natural gas contains lower levels of sulfur than LP gas. Coal <br />burning power plants are major emitters of sulfur dioxide because of the high <br />sulfur content of the coal. <br />Metals <br />The metals regulated are cadmium, lead and mercury. The mercury comes <br />mainly from dental fillings. Cadmium and lead are found in the remains in <br />trace amounts and may be present in materials included with the container. <br />Dioxins and Furans <br />Dioxins and furans are complex compounds released from many different <br />combustion sources. They are quite hazardous even in relatively small <br />�mn��nfc Jt_irLnn��in that fhu n�GCG11rG nf rhlnrinn in }ho rnmhi ic4inn ►�rnr e <br />http://www.ieeco.com/environ2.htm 06%21�2001 <br />