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Effects <br />Volumes <br />Speed <br />Traffic Noise and Air <br />Traffic Safety <br />Little or no effect <br />Speed reduction as long as enforcement is maintained (the "halo" effect of <br />infrequent enforcement is as little as 1 mile or 4 hours). <br />Little or no effect. <br />May reduce overall crashes if speeds are actually reduced. <br />Advantages <br />Easy to implement <br />Effective with repetitive enforcement on a non routine basis. <br />Speed Watch programs have been perceived positively by neighborhood, even <br />in areas where significant speed reductions were not measured. These types of <br />programs may make neighborhoods find that they do not actually have a <br />speeding problem. <br />Disadvantages <br />Not self- enforcing; temporary measure, dependent on resources <br />•Expensive and not always desirable to use police for traffic enforcement due to <br />budget and manpower constraints <br />Problems Targeted <br />Speeding <br />Moving vehicle violations <br />Running stop signs <br />Design <br />The locations of implementation should be clearly identified to minimize the <br />time spent enforcing and maximize the resultant speed reduction. <br />Actual speed surveys should be used to narrow problem to specific time (day of <br />the week, time of day) and location. <br />Enforcement Increased Enforcement Speed Watches <br />Purpose <br />The effective use of public safety /police <br />personnel to encourage reduced speeds in <br />residential areas. Enforcement usually involves <br />the use of radar to identify speeders and ticket <br />violators. <br />Speed Watches rely on neighborhood <br />participation to create awareness and, in turn, <br />help control speeds in neighborhoods. <br />APRIL 2005 <br />22 <br />