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Some indications that the project is successfully supporting pollinators would be the presence of the following: <br />• Rusty Patched Bumble Bees (Bombus affinis) <br />o "A survey from 1994-1995 of 464 bumble bees at Long Lake Regional Park in New Brighton, <br />Minnesota found 98 rusty patched bumble bee individuals. A survey during the summers of 2007 and <br />2008 at the same park of 593 bumble bees found no rusty patched bumble bees." -Xerxes.org <br />o I am fairly certain that I spotted ONE rusty patched bumble bee in the summer of 2022, a quarter mile <br />south of the park. I think it is important that we do what we can to support what is left of the <br />population. <br />• Oil Bees (Macropis spp.) <br />• Small Carpenter Bees (Ceratina spp., which nest in soft, woody shrubs such as elderberry, which is <br />present in other areas of the park) <br />• Black Swallowtail Butterflies <br />Timeline <br />May: <br />• Examine existing vegetation to see if any other desirable species are present; <br />• Apply herbicide to non-native grasses and forbs; <br />• Repeat the herbicide application a few weeks later to any herbaceous weeds that were not killed with the <br />first application. <br />June: <br />• Pick up plant orders; <br />• Set up a water barrel; <br />• Begin planting, with possible volunteer assistance; <br />• Protect planted shrubs with wire cages. <br />July: <br />• Continue hand -watering as needed throughout the summer; <br />• Monitor and weed twice/month; <br />• Remove the buckthorn and use herbicide to treat the stumps. <br />Aug/Sep: <br />• Plant additional donated seedlings when they're well -rooted and as the weather allows. <br />October: <br />• Plant seeds, if ordered. <br />Short -Term Maintenance <br />A newly planted area will require watering during periods of dry weather. It will also require frequent weeding during <br />the first few years since soil disturbance will expose weed seeds that are in the seed bank; that should be minimal <br />after the plants become established and fill in gaps. <br />Long -Term Maintenance <br />• Spring (May/early June): <br />o Visual inspection to look for invasive species and removal of any found. <br />o Optional trimming of tall vegetation by hand to a height of 18-24". <br />• Late Summer/Early Fall <br />o Visual inspection to look for invasive species and removal of any found. <br />o Removing tall plants that are coming up too close to the trail. <br />I can't predict right now how much time this will take. A visual inspection would probably take about half an hour. If <br />weeds are present, the time required to remove them would depend on how well they've become established. That is <br />why I recommend monitoring twice per year —in the spring to prevent any garlic mustard from going to seed (if it <br />11 <br />