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NEW BUISNESS – 5F <br /> <br /> I’ve used yellow to highlight the “keystone” plants: the plant genera which support the largest number of <br />butterfly and moth caterpillars and/or the most pollen specialist bees. “Keystone plants are native plants <br />critical to the food web and necessary for many wildlife species to complete their life cycle. Without <br />keystone plants in the landscape, butterflies, native bees, and birds will not thrive. 96% of our <br />terrestrial birds rely on insects supported by keystone plants.” - Entomologist Dr. Doug Tallamy When <br />selecting plant species to add to an ecosystem, these keystone species should be included wherever <br />possible. <br /> <br /> I have also made a note of which species can be seeded in the spring. The vast majority need to be <br />planted in the fall/winter (October-January) in order to germinate in the spring. <br /> <br />Southern Terrace Forest (FFs59) <br /> <br /> Canopy: <br />● Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) <br />● Ash (Fraxinus spp.) <br />● Boxelder (Acer negundo) <br /> <br />Shrubs: <br />● Common Elder (Sambucus canadensis) <br />● Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) <br />● Nannyberry (Viburnum lentago) <br />● Wahoo (Euonymus atropurpureus) <br /> <br /> Vines: <br />● Virgin’s Bower (Clematis virginiana) <br /> <br /> Graminoids: <br />Mace Sedge <br />● Nodding Fescue (Festuca subverticillata) <br />● Virginia Wild Rye (Elymus virginicus) (spring planting) <br />● Common Wood Sedge (Carex blanda) <br />● Curly-Styled Wood Sedge (Carex rosea) <br />● Mace Sedge (Carex grayi) <br /> <br /> Forbs: <br />● Virginia Waterleaf (Hydrophyllum virginianum) <br />● Tall Coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata) <br />● Honewort (Cryptotaenia canadensis) <br />● Blue Woodland Phlox (Phlox divaricata) <br />● Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) <br />● Rugulose or Yellow Violet (Viola canadensis or V. pubescens) <br />● Downy Woodmint (Blephilia hirsuta) <br />● Wild Geranium (Geranium maculatum) <br />● False Nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica)