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2002-07-08 P & R Packet
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2002-07-08 P & R Packet
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<br /> <br />Assessing the Soil Texture <br /> <br />The first step in the soil sampling process is to use a shovel or spade to dig into the ground. Your hole <br />should be about 6 to 12 inches deep. Next, put a rounded tablespoon of soil in the palm one hand. Spray a <br />little distilled water onto the soil and begin to knead it. Continue until the soil forms a round ball in the palm <br />of your hand. Gently squeeze the soil between your thumb and index finger to form a ribbon that extends <br />over the top of your index finger (Figure 5). Continue to form a ribbon until it breaks. Note how long the <br />ribbon was when it broke and whether it feels gritty or smooth. Compare your findings with the chart <br />below (Table 2). <br /> <br />The soil texture refers to the relative amount of mineral part.icles in the soil. Defining the texture will assist <br />you in determining your soils ability to retain water. Soils with some clay content will hold more water than <br />sandy or silty soils. Loamy soils tend to hold the most plant avail~ble water. Soils with poor water retention <br />capacities become obvious during extended dry periods. <br /> <br />Figure 5 <br /> <br />Table 2 . Ribbon Test <br /> <br />No Ball Formed: sand <br />Ball but No Ribbon: loamy sand <br /> <br /> <br /> Feels very Feels very Feels both <br /> gritty smooth gritty & smooth <br />1 inch ribbon sandy loam silty loam loam <br />1 to 2 i.nch ribbon sandy clay loam silty clay loam clay loam <br />2 inches or more sandy clay silty clay clay <br /> <br />Infiltration Test <br /> <br />The coffee can perc test allows you to check water infiltration on your site. . Infiltration rates are best <br />determined when your yard is at or near its water capacity. This usually occurs 12 to 48 hours after the soil <br />has been thoroughly wetted by a soaking rain. To do this infiltration test you will need the following <br />equipment: <br /> <br />. a two pound coffee can <br /> <br />. a small flat plastic lid <br /> <br />. an empty plastic soda bottle (16 once or 20 once size) <br /> <br />. a ruler and permanent maker <br /> <br />. an extra jug of water <br /> <br />Before cutting out the bottom of the coffee can, stick a ruler in the can and measure up from the bottom. <br />Use a permanent maker to identify the inch marks along the inside of the can. Next, pour enough water in <br />the can to reach the first inch marking, then transfer the water to your plastic soda bottle. Make sure to <br />mark the one inch line on your soda bottle. This is to ensure that you always use the same amount of <br />water every time you do a perc test. Cut out the bottom of the can when you have finished marking. <br /> <br />At your sampling site, push the can into the soil to a depth of two to three inches, use your guidelines in <br />the can as a reference. If the soil is hard, lay a board across the can and pound it with a hammer. Next, <br />gently firm the soil around the inside edges of the can. By firming the edges, this will redu~ water flow <br /> <br />19 <br />
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