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<br />Ramsey County | Multi-Jurisdiction Hazard Mitigation Plan 75 <br />extreme cold temperatures, such as -35°F in northern Minnesota and -25°F in the southern <br />region, has decreased by up to 90%. While Minnesota will continue to experience periodic <br />severe cold spells, the long-term decline in extreme cold is almost certain to persist. <br />• Increased Intensity: Warmer temperatures can lead to more moisture in the atmosphere, <br />potentially resulting in heavier snowfall and more intense winter storms. <br />• Frequency of Extreme Events: While overall winter precipitation might decrease in some areas, <br />the frequency of extreme winter weather events could increase. <br />• Shift in Snowfall Patterns: Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns could shift where <br />and when snow falls, affecting traditional snowfall regions and potentially leading to unexpected <br />snowstorms in areas that usually receive less snow. <br />• More Rain than Snow: Warmer winter temperatures might lead to more winter precipitation <br />falling as rain rather than snow, increasing the risk of flooding and reducing snowpack. <br />• Prolonged Storm Duration: Changes in atmospheric circulation patterns could lead to slower- <br />moving storms, resulting in longer-lasting and potentially more damaging winter weather <br />events. <br />• Changes in Storm Tracks: Alterations in the jet stream and other atmospheric patterns may <br />change the paths that winter storms take, affecting which areas are most impacted. <br />• Increased Energy Costs: More intense and frequent storms could lead to higher energy <br />demands for heating and storm response, impacting infrastructure and increasing costs for <br />residents. <br />• Public Health Impacts: Greater variability and intensity in winter storms can lead to increased <br />risks to public health, such as hypothermia, frostbite, and accidents related to icy conditions. <br />While the exact relationship between climate change and tornadoes is complex and still under active <br />research, the evidence suggests that climate change is likely to impact the frequency, intensity, and <br />distribution of winter weather in the Midwest. Improved understanding and modeling of these changes <br />are essential for developing effective mitigation and adaptation strategies. <br />3.12.7 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT <br />3.12.7.1 People <br />Blizzards can cause whiteout conditions, making travel dangerous and leading to numerous accidents. <br />They can also disrupt transportation and supply chains, leaving people stranded and unable to access <br />essential services. Extreme cold poses serious health risks such as hypothermia and frostbite, <br />particularly for the elderly, young children, and those without adequate heating. Unhoused individuals <br />and those living in poorly insulated homes are especially at risk. Ice storms create hazardous conditions <br />by coating roads, power lines, and trees with ice, often resulting in widespread power outages and <br />dangerous driving conditions. The loss of power can leave people without heat, light, and <br />communication, exacerbating the risks, especially for those dependent on electricity for medical devices. <br />Additionally, ice can make walkways treacherous, increasing the risk of falls.