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� ATTACHMENT B .-., Analysis of Odors at PetSmarts/PetsHotels February, 2006 Dr. Susan Schiffman, Taste and Smell Laboratory, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-3259 Summary Odors were evaluated at PetSmart/PetHotels in Cary and Raleigh, North Carolina. The odors were either nonexistent or insignificant, and were far less than those at most other commercial establishments in the same geographical vicinity. Any faint odors that were perceived were rated as pleasant or neutral. Overall, the odors at PetSmart/PetHotels were lower than odors measured at a luggage and gift store, calendar store, leather store, food and cooking supply store, clothing store, department store, chicken sandwich shop, perfume store, doughnut shop, gift card store, food court area in a mall, food and cooking supply store, coffee shop, candle store, gift shop, and photography shop. Thus, most commercial establishments have odors that are greater than those measured at PetSmart/PetHotels. Study design The objective of this research was to measure the level and character of odors at PetSmart/PetHotels in Cary and Raleigh and to compare these odors with the odors found at nearby businesses. In order to obtain a representative sampling, the ambient air at multiple locations inside and outside the PetSmartlPetHotels was evaluated. These locations included: outside the front door, in the center of the store near the checkout counter, in the lobby of the PetHotel, and behind the store at the loading docks. Ratings of odor intensity, nasal irritation, and pleasanmess/unpleasantness at these PetSmartlPetHotels were compared with similar ratings from other business establishments in the Cary/Raleigh community. Odor assessments were performed by 5 trained odor panelists with extensive experience in evaluating odors from animal facilities using standardized field assessments. The subjects are accustomed to evaluating odors from the full spectrum of intensity, from near the threshold level (very weak) up to maximal odor intensity. The subjects have evaluated odors at varying degrees of unpleasantness, nasal irritation, and odor character. All ambient air samples were evaluated at a height of approximately five feet (at nose level). Odor panelists wore the Half Facepiece mask (3M mode16000 series) fitted with the 3M Multi GasNapor Cartridge with P100 filter before and between odor assessments. This mask prevents exposure to vapors (including odors) as well as dusts, and eliminated olfactory adaptation. Odor threshold measurements were obtained to determine how many times the odorous source (if any) needs to be diluted to reach threshold (D/T or dilutions to threshold). In other words, at what dilution level are subjects able to perceive any odor. The higher the D/T value, the more intense is the ambient air being measured. Odor thresholds were obtained with two different instruments, the Scentometer (Barnebey and Sutcliffe, Columbus, Ohio) and the Nasal Ranger� olfactometer (St. Croix Sensory, Stillwater, MN). The Scentometer is a hand-held plastic box