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Within the curbside pickup service possibilities, there are two options: source separated cart service and commingled Blue Bag service. While the two curbside programs have some similarities, there are also noteworthy differences between them. To implement the curbside cart option, the City of Roseville should consider working with a single organized hauler (such as Eureka Recycling) to provide curbside cart organics recycling pickup for its residents. When using the cart, residents must place their organics in a certified compostable bag, which is then deposited into the cart. While some cities allow residents to use brown paper grocery bags, it is our recommendation that Roseville require the use of certified compostable bags to minimize odor issues. Once the materials are collected, the haulers transport the organics recycling to a transfer station where it is loaded onto a larger truck and delivered to an organics processing facility. Curbside carts must initially be purchased by the city, and compostable bags, which vary in price and size, can either be purchased by residents or provided by the city at no additional cost to residents. Interview responses from numerous city representatives suggest that it is common to roll organics recycling program costs into recurring utility fees or solid waste fees (Bednar, 2017; Fisher, 2017; Horner, 2017). Residents can expect a nominal increase in monthly utility/waste fees, however, actual increases will depend on the specific terms in the city -hauler contract. Because recycled organics are exempt from solid waste management taxes and organics recycling diminishes solid waste volume, residents can expect reductions in their solid waste fees. These reductions will partially offset the slight increase associated with the organics recycling program. In examining curbside cart program implementation costs for the city, several factors should be considered. One factor is the cost of purchasing the carts themselves, and determining how many to buy. It is recommended that the city offer its residents an "opt -in" program. This way, residents interested in the service can contact the city to enroll. By offering this type of participation, Roseville would also have a clear idea as to how many carts to initially purchase to get the program started. The cost of carts can vary; in our interview with Christopher Goodwin from Eureka Recycling, he estimated the cost per cart to be approximately $25-30 each (Goodwin, 2017). It is possible that the city could use SCORE grant funds to help cover the initial start-up costs incurred with cart purchase. Additionally, as with any other program that it implements, the city would have to pay for community education and outreach. The curbside cart program has advantages as well as disadvantages that must be considered. Advantages associated with this type of pickup include the convenience of having the organics recyclables picked up right at home and less chance of contamination since only organics recycled materials are placed in the carts. Disadvantages include increased hauler traffic in neighborhoods due to low route density, monetary expenses associated with carts used for the organics recycling materials, and the inability to accommodate multi -family units with this program type. The second curbside program option for Roseville to consider is the Blue Bag program. Customers simply place their organics recycling material into a Blue Bag plastic bag, tie it shut, and it in their regular trash cart. From there, it is sorted at the transfer station after the hauler picks up the trash (Organix Solutions, 2017). The Blue Bag program has advantages as well as drawbacks. One advantage is that there is no need for an additional cart dedicated to organics material. Also, since organics recycling with the Blue Bag program is picked up by the trash hauler, it eliminates extra trucks (and ultimately, 16