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Demand Side Management (DSM): Modification of consumer demand for energy through various methods, including education and financial incentives. DSM aims to encourage consumers to decrease energy consumption, especially during peak hours or to shift time of energy use to off-peak periods, such as nighttime and weekend. Direct Installation: Free energy -saving equipment installed by Xcel Energy or other organization for program participants that produces immediate energy savings. Energy Burden: Percentage of gross household income spent on energy costs. Energy Reduction: The result of behavior changes that cause less energy to be used. For example, setting the thermostat lower reduces the energy used in your home during the winter. Since energy reductions can be easily reversed, they are not accounted for when calculating changes in energy usage. Energy Savings: Comes from a permanent change that results in using less energy to achieve the same results. A new furnace uses X% less to keep your home at the same temperature (all things being equal), resulting in energy savings of X%. For accounting purposes, energy savings are only counted in the year the new equipment is installed. Greenhouse Gases (GHG): Gases in the atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation and significantly contribute to climate change. The primary greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Grid Decarbonization: The current planned reduction in the carbon intensity of electricity provided by electric utilities through the addition of low- or no -carbon energy sources to the electricity grid. Kilowatt-hour (kWh): A unit of electricity consumption. Million British Thermal Units (MMBtu): A unit of energy consumption that allows both electricity and natural gas consumption to be combined. Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (MTCO2e): A unit of measure for greenhouse gas emissions. The unit "CO2e" represents an amount of a greenhouse gas whose atmospheric impact has been standardized to that of one unit mass of carbon dioxide (CO2), based on the global warming potential (GWP) of the gas. Megawatt (MW): A unit of electric power equal to 1 million watts. Premise: A unique combination of service address and meter. For residential customers, this is the equivalent of an individual house or dwelling unit in a multi -tenant building. For business customers, it is an individual business, or for a larger business, a separately metered portion of the business's load at that address. Renewable Energy Credit (REC): For every megawatt -hour of clean, renewable electricity generation, a renewable energy credit (REC) is created. A REC embodies all of the environmental attributes of the generation and can be tracked and traded separately from the underlying electricity. Also known as a Renewable Energy Certificate. Roseville Energy Action Plan 46