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RAMSEY COUNTY Average Daily Traffic (ADT) in Thousands 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Two lane roadway Three lane roadway Four or more lane roadway with a raised median Four or more lane roadway Candidate Possible t� Marked for marked candidate Crosswalks may crosswalks for marked need additional cro"w-1 k% enhacements Figure 1. Crosswalk installation criteria based on ADT and number of lanes. Another illustrated measure used as reference can be seen in Figure 2 below, extracted from a 2013 version of "Minnesota's Best Practices for Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety."12 Expanding on the crosswalk criteria seen in Figure 1, Figure 2 also considers the posted speed limit in determining the feasibility of implementing a crosswalk at a midblock location or at an intersection with no clearly defined traffic control (i.e. stop sign, traffic signal, etc.). In practice, Ramsey County's Pedestrian Crossing Treatment Guideline will consider these and other measures to provide clear "best practices" guidance when a pedestrian crossing request is made. > 9,000 to 5> 12,000 to 5<_ 9,000 ADT > 15,000 ADT 12,000 ADT 15,000 ADT 530 35 > 40 <_ 30 35 >_ 40 <_ 30 35 >_ 40 530 35 mph mph mph mph mph mph mph mph mph mph mph mph 2 Lanes 3 Lanes ++4 Lanes Raised Median ` ++4 Lanes No Median Figure 2. Uncontrolled Crosswalk Criteria. The white to dark blue color scale correlates to a condition's (based on ADT, speed and crossing distance) need for crossing treatments in addition to a marked crosswalk. For example, based on these criteria, a marked crosswalk alone would satisfy a 2-lane, less than 30 mph condition (outline in red above) with an ADT of less than 9,000. In the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 50013, marked crosswalks are considered as "Tried" treatments and upgraded to "Proven" when combined with RRFB systems, resulting in improved safety with efficacy decreasing as the number of motorist volumes, speeds, and/or number of lanes increase. The Urban Landscape: According to the 2010 US Census, 99.8% of Ramey County's population lives in urban environment. Generally speaking, roads within urban settings are characterized by the presence of a curb and gutter, sidewalks or trails, transit stops, and higher vehicular and pedestrian traffic, when compared to rural roads. Because of these higher volumes, urban settings present a higher opportunity for collisions to take place due to the increased conflict points between pedestrians and vehicles. Therefore, in the evaluation guide seen 12 http://www.dot.state.mn.us/research/TS/2013/201322.pdf 13https://safety.fhwa.dot.aov/hsip/hrrr/manual/sec44.cfm RAMSEY COUNTY 14