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Road Diets: "Road Diet' is a term used for the reallocation of roadway lanes and/or space to integrate features such as bike lanes or pedestrian refuge islands on existing roadways. A common roadway reconfiguration involves converting an undivided four -lane (two-way) road into a three -lane road made up of one through lane in each direction, a center two-way left turn lane and a shoulder/bike lane. Modifying roads from four lanes to two travel lanes with a left turn lane has been found to reduce vehicle crashes by 29 a-46%. Safety effects on crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists associated with Road Diets are still being documented but positive benefits have been noted including: - Typically lower speeds due to one travel lane in each direction and no passing, - The reduction to a single travel lane in each direction eliminates the possibility of a "multiple -threat" crash (where a driver in one lane stops to yield to a pedestrian but the driver in the adjacent lane continues at speed because the other vehicle blocks the line ofsighttothe pedestrian) -The reallocation of space creates an opportunity m construct median refuge islands at pedestrian crossing locations. Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon: A Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon system is a traffic control device that remains dark until a pushbutton is activated by a pedestrian, at which time the beacon flashes a sequence of amber warning followed by a red stop for vehicles. The system has been found to have a 97% compliance rate for vehicles stopping during the steady red beacon phase and a 69%reduction in vehicle -pedestrian crashes. Rapid Rectangular Flashing Beacon: A Rapid Rectangular Flashing Beacon is a dynamic warning device that is activated when a pedestrian pushes a button at the crosswalk. The system uses an irregular flash pattern simikarto emergency flashers on police vehicles with a pulsing light source. Studies are still under way to document pedestrian and bicycle crash reductions but completed studies have found "yield to pedestrians" compliance rates ranging from 80%- 100%and these rates arefourto five times higherthan at standard beacons. Leading Pedestrian Interval: Use of a LPI extends the All -Red portion ofthe traffic signal cycle and provides the pedestrian walk indication 2 to 3 seconds ahead of the vehicle green, allowing pedestrians a head start and the ability to enterthe crosswalk before right turning vehicles can turn into the crosswalk. Studies have found the LPI to reduce pedestrian crashes by upto 60%. Countdown Turners: Countdown timers replace the traditional Walk/Don't Walk pedestrian indications and are flashing timers which provide the number of seconds remaining duringthe pedestrian phase. Studies have found that converting from standard pedestrian signals to countdown timers was associated with up to a 25%reduction in pedestrian crashes. Page 149 of 185