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_ _ �.. �...-....�..... ... ..... . yr a vv�v ASTM Designation: D 2487 - 83 SOIL ENGINEERINIG • (Based on Unified Soil Classification System) Soil Classification Criteria for Assigning Group Symbols and Group Names Using Laboratory Tests" Group Group Names Symbol Coarse -Grained Soils Gravels Clean Gravels CuZ4 and 15Cc.%3E GW Well graded gravelF More than 50% retained on More than 50% coarse Leas than 5% finest No. 200 sieve traction retained on Cu-4 and/or 1>Cc>3E No. 4 sieve GP Poorly graded grave lF Gravels with Fines Fines classify as ML or MH GM Silty gravel'"," More than 12% finest Fine -Grained Soils 50% or more passes the No. 200 sieve Fines classify as CL or CH GC Clayey gravelf0•" Sands Clean Sands Cu2:6 and 1sCCS3E SW Well -graded sand' 50% or more of coarse Less than 5% fines° traction passes No. Cua6 and/or 1>Cc31-3E SP Poorly graded sand' 4 sieve Sands with Fines Fines classify as ML or MH SM Silty sando.N,r More than 12% tines° Fines classify as CL or CH SC Clayey sand°."./ Silts and Clays inorganic Liquid limit less than 50 organic PI>7 and plots on or above CL Lean clayKLM "A" line PI<4 or plots below "A" ML SleL41 line Liquid limit • oven dried <0.75 OL Organic clayKl-RIV Liquid limit •, not dried Organic s111Ki21.0 Sifts and Clays inorganic PI plots on or above "A" line CH Fat clayKLM Liquid limit 50 or more PI plots below "A" line MH Elastic SINKLAf organic Liquid' limit - oven dried ,0.75 OH Organic clayKiLup � Liquid limit - not dried Organic siltKi"o Highly organic soils Primarily organic matter, dark in color, and organic odor PT Fibric Peat >67% Fibers Hemic Peat 33%-67% Fibers Pest Sapric Peal 4 33% Fibers ABased On the material passing the 34n. (75- mm) rive. (O 2 ell Held sample contained Cobbles or boulders, both. ECu - pea ID,CcCc • 3d III Aiteroer limit` g P in hatched well. $al a a CL-ML. or "with add p Pad wiry day, cobbles or boulders, or both" to group name. cGravels with 5 to 12% fines roxit Fit sal contains 15 to 29% plug No. 200. add "wrth sand" require dual symbols: GW-GM well -graded gravel with silt sal contains2:15% sand add "with sand" to group at "with gravel," whichever is predominant. Ltt name. Soil cOnlalnsC30% plus no. 200. predominantly sand, GW-GC well -graded gravel with day otl fines classify as CL-ML, use dual sym.,ol GC-0M, or add "sandy" to to group name. GP -GM poorly graded gravel with sift GP -GC poorly graded gravel with clay SC.SM, Nit fines "with "It wit coma $L-30% plus No 200. predominantly "gravelly OSands with 5 to 12% fines require dual symbols: are organic, add organic fines" to group name. gravel, add to group name. "PICA "A" SWSM well -graded sand with sift Ill coil 00ntainQ:I5% gravel. add "with growl" to group and ploM on or above line. 0PI-c4 of plots below "A" ". SW -SC well -graded sand with day name. "PI plots on or above "A" line. SP•SM poorly graded sand with sift OPI plots below "A" Ina. SPSC poorly graded sand with day Ioc SIEVE ANALYSIS scil[[N-IN I alt N0. I 3 2 Ivi 1 $ V. s IO 20 40 60 140 200 0 30 10 3 1.0 05 010 PARTICLE SIZE IN MILLIMETERS C,-in 'a'ait-200 75 20 f] x w W = O 40 < 2 w � W c: �- t: co = u W u t.. o: N 10 a < 20 a�-oars � 00 10 7 4 0t-,»i M- i -S/ For classification of floe- r0 sollt 30 an Ine•QrOlne rOt IOn 0 t00r3e. I sai ss. Equation of A7-line �F,00 ! ► VI10ntol at PI-4 to LL-25.5r then PI-0.73 (LL-20) rim Equation ot'll'-/iris Vertical at LL■16 toKw?. / then PI.0 91LL-81 '� G / 1 I / d' MH oA ON _ ., MLOR OL I __ __ ... ,,, .v av 60 ru W 90 100 Ito LIOUID LIMIT (LL) SE-1 (84-0