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HDPE Color followed a similar trend as PET but the sale of this material is more reliant on the agriculture industry, as much of this material gets made into <br />drainage tile and piping for farms. When there is significant uncertainty (such as due to a pandemic or concerns about ability to trade agricultural products to <br />other countries) farmers tend not to invest in new irrigation infrastructure, which can negatively impact the HDPE Color markets. HDPE Natural is the same <br />type of plastic as HDPE Color, but because it has no coloring added it is a more versatile product and can be turned into any type of product— most of our <br />HDPE Natural is turned back into bottles. Both HDPE Color and Natural took a surprising dip last spring and slowly climbed back up in the fall. Many in the <br />industry believe the reduced pricing was caused by unused petroleum being dumped on the market as many were worried about a recession and didn't want <br />to hold on to inventory that may lose its value. Extended Producer Responsibility in the form of minimum content rules (which would require manufacturers <br />to use a minimum amount of recycled content) would reduce this type of market fluctuation and is one type of EPR for which Eureka advocates. <br />The third type of plastics we sort, polypropylene (PP, #5) remained flat throughout 2023 and markets expect to hold steady in the upcoming year as well. <br />Metals markets strengthened slightly at the beginning of 2023 and then fell towards the end of the year. Even with the decrease aluminum has remained the <br />most valuable material in the stream (unlike 2021 when HDPE Natural was worth more for a few months). Experts believe aluminum pricing will remain <br />higher than other materials, although this material is especially sensitive to the impacts of tariffs and trade agreements. <br />Market Dynamics and Public Policy Initiatives are intertwined because how policy is designed can support or weaken end markets and recycling programs. <br />Eureka Recycling continues to advocate for EPR and policies that strengthen recycling in our communities and minimize the environmental impact of <br />manufacturing. The potential enactment of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) legislation in Minnesota holds the power to profoundly reshape the <br />plastics markets, influencing both operational strategies and market dynamics. Under EPR, producers would be accountable for the entire life cycle of their <br />plastic products/packaging, stimulating a fundamental shift in material and design choices. This shift puts pressure on producers to prioritize recyclable and <br />recycled materials in their designs, creating a surge in demand for recycled plastics and a reduction in non -recyclable plastics in the marketplace. <br />Prioritizing recyclability in product design would present a dual benefit. As producers incorporate recycled materials into their products, the potential for <br />heightened demand in recyclable materials emerges, which could positively influence pricing dynamics. Simultaneously, the legislation aims to mitigate the <br />proliferation of problematic packaging that cannot be sorted at Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs), thereby diminishing residual rates and capturing a more <br />substantial volume of recyclable material. In essence, the prospective implementation of EPR in Minnesota represents a crucial juncture to enhance recycling <br />effectiveness, contribute to a cleaner and healthier environment, and alleviate the recycling burden and confusion experienced by residents and average <br />consumers. <br />Page 25 of 69 <br />