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neo-liberal government can achieve its obj ectives all while reducing its commitment to formal governance and resource provision.114 Form-based code closely resembles this social capital model and thus may be located in the arsenal of neo-liberal weaponry for revising government. Form-based code, like many other neoliberal tools, typically implies the resituating of the boundaries between public responsibility and private duty, the citizen as client and customer in a marketplace responsible for their own happiness, success, and health. iis In such regimes, elites with education, money, and experience in formal processes are often able to take charge of the design process, resulting in the same sorts of outcomes that urban renewal undertaken under a broad neoliberal scheme wrought: fewer communities of color, fewer poor people, and fewer services for the members of those communities who remained after such processes were implemented. i 16 Because zoning and planning schemes are developed in a political process which is theoretically accessible to all, and because such schemes are broadly applicable to a municipality and because of its emphasis on health, safety, and welfare, zoning may also be viewed as broadly democratic and communitarian. In seventy-plus years since zoning schemes have been in use, the latter view seems to have won out in an ideological sense. This is in part because in many large urban areas, those who were historically disenfranchised such as racial minorities have taken control of the civic governments responsible for zoning and planning. It is just now, however, that zoning is in some circles is becoming suspect and disfavored. Form-based code 114 T.7 1 Ll "s peter Brand & Michael J. Thomas, Urban Environmentalism 94 (2005). 16 Rachel Weber, Extracting Vale From the City: Neoliberalism and Urban Development, in Spaces of Neoliberalism 172, 183-187 (Neil Brenner & Nick Theodore eds., 2003). 32