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The NCP has certain requirements for action. Those requirements c�epend �pon whether a response action is a"removai" action ar a"remedial" action. �`or a rerr�oval action, the steps included are Iimited and expeditious. They include a Removal S�te Evaluation {400 CFR 300.410) and a Remaval Action (400 CFR 340.415}. A removal site evaluation consists of a removal preliminary assessment and, if warranted, a removal site inspection. 400 CPR 300.410{a). A removal site evaluation shall be undertaken "as promptly as possible." 400 CFR 3Q0.410(b). The removal pretiminary assessment shall be based on readi�y available information. Ifremoval action is not required,' but remedial action under 300:430 may be necessary, a remedial site evalua�ion sha�1 be initiated. 400 CFR 300.�10{i}. Removal actions are to "begin as soon as possible to abate; prevent, minimize, siabilize, mitigate, or eliminate the threat to public health �r welfar� of the United States or the environment." 40Q CFA 300.415(b){3).2 Under 400 C�R 300.415(b}(5), removal actions shall be terminated after $2 n�illion has been obligated for the action or 12 months have elapsed from the date that rem.oval activities begin on-site, unless there is a deterinination that (i} there is an immediate risk to public health or �he envirorunent; and continued response actions are irnmediately requireci to preventi, li�nit, or mitigate an emergency; and such assistance will not other�ise be provided; or (ii) continued response acti�n is otherwise appropriate and c�nsistent �ith the remedial action to be taken. Under 40 CFR 300.415(g), if a remaval action wiil not fully address the threat and the release may require remedial action; there sha11 be an orderly transition fram rerrrovaI to remedial response activities. In contrast to the relativeIy expeditiaus and preliminary nature of a removal assessment, an investigation for a remedial action includes inany inore formal and fully developed investigation, �lanning and implemenfation steps. These include a Rernedial Preliminary Assessment (PA) (40 CFR 300.420(b)), a Remedial Site Inspection (SI) (40 CFR 300.420(c)) and a Remedial Investigatior�l�'easibility Study (RIIFS) {40 C�'R 300.�30). "Remedia� actions are to be ` The NCP provides a Iisting oF factors to be considered i� determining the appropriateness o�a rEmo��val action. �00 CFR 300.415(b}(1). These include: Exposure to nearby human populations, animals or t�e food chain Contamina�i�n of drinking water supplies or sensitive ecosystiems �az�rdous subsfances in drums, barrels, tanks, or other bulk storage containers, that may pose a ihreat of release High levels of hazardous subs�ances Iargely near the surface Weather conditions that rnay cause rr�igration or releases Threat of fire or explosion AvaiIabiIity o�o�her niechanisms io respond Other situations or factors thati rr�ay pose threats 2 A list of removal actions is provided at (e){1)-(8), such as �'ences, drainage controls, stabilization oi berms, capping to reduce migration, using chemicals to retard or mitigate spread, excavation or removal of highly contaminated soils �rom drainage areas to reduce spread or direct contact, �