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V r By Peter H. Gleick <br />,~''- <br />'~ , <br /> <br />~~- <br />1 <br />~r- ~, P <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />~; t <br />~ ~ <br />~ y <br />t-': <br />~~ <br />~\ ~~ <br />, <br />___ <br />~1 <br />he history of human civilization <br />is entwined with the history of <br />the ways we have learned to <br />manipulate water resources. The earliest <br />agricultural communities emerged <br />where crops could be cultivated with <br />dependable rainfall and perennial <br />rivers. Simple irrigation canals <br />permitted greater crop production and <br />longer growing seasons in dry areas. <br />As towns gradually expanded, <br />water was brought from increasingly <br />remote sources, leading to sophisticated <br />engineering efforts, such as dams and <br />aqueducts. At the height of the Roman <br />Empire, nine major systems, with an <br />innovative layout of pipes and well-built <br />sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome <br />with as much water per person as is <br />provided in many parts of the industrial <br />world today. <br />During the Industrial Revolution and <br />population explosion of the 19th and 20th <br />centuries, the demand for water rose <br />dramatically. Unprecedented construction <br />of tens of thousands of monumental <br />engineering projects designed to control <br />floods, protect clean water supplies, and <br />provide water for irrigation and <br />hydropower brought great benefits to <br />hundreds of millions of people. Vast cities, <br />incapable of surviving on their local <br />resources, have bloomed. in the desert <br />with water brought from hundreds and <br />even thousands of miles away. Food <br />production has kept pace with soaring <br />populations mainly because of the <br />expansion of artificial irrigation systems <br />that make possible the growth of 40 <br />percent of the world's food. Nearly one- <br />fifth of all the electricity generated <br />worldwide is produced by turbines spun <br />by the power of falling water. <br />ttilake Every Drop continued on page 3 <br />FreshwaterSociety's <br />The Executive Director's ~~ Weatherguide Calendars <br />Perspective ...........:...... 2 <br />he Calendar Marketing Association <br />has awarded the 2002 Minnesota <br />Water-tiVise Gardening • • •~ Weatherguide Environment Calendar and the <br />2002 Minnesota Weatherguide Environment <br />Freshwater Society's Earth Day Engagement Calendar two awards. <br />Events .......................4 Winning silver in <br />the best educational re- ~' <br />tail calendar category, ~ ~ <br />.Bringing Back The Natives .....5 the wall calendar is <br />recognized for its com- ~~~~ ~~ <br />Dick Gray's Passwor~Is ........ 6 bination of beautiful r ~ <br />'natural photographs, ~`~ ~ ~ -_ '~ , <br />FreshwaterMessage .. ..7 phenological observa- <br />tions, astronomical ~_ <br />~> <br />Membership Form............ 7 charts, and long-term <br />climatic and meteorological data. <br />The engagement calendar won <br />silver in the best graphic design <br />Win Awards <br />division. This calendar combines the <br />beauty and practicality of the wall <br />calendar in aweekly-planner format. <br />Minnesota Weatherguide <br />Environment calendars have been <br />published by the Freshwater <br />Society since 1977 and support <br />1 vx .~ <br />E ; ~ the Society's environmental <br />education mission. They are <br />x ~ second-time Calendar <br />`~ ~ Marketing Award winners, <br />} "~; <br />securing gold and silver awards <br />- ~ "~~~ ~ ~ for the 2001 editions. <br />~f~: <br />For more information or <br />to purchase the Weatherguide <br />calendars, please visit <br />www.weatherguide.org or call the <br />Freshwater Society. <br />