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� T C��s�� K�� ;� � � u�� ; � ��u . �� : According to the preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. Article 5 further states "No one shah be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment." In this essay I will relate this article to the serious injustices done to the people in Sudan, Africa. The Sudan civil war is one of the longest civil wars in the world. The war started in 1959, right after Sudan got its independence from Britain Fighting stopped between 1972 and 1983, but since then two million people have died and four million have been displaced. There are many causes of this war, including a struggle to gain control of government, natural resources, and racial, cultural, and religious identity. Citizens do not have the ability to change their government peacefully. The main opposition group is the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and is the majar military force of the rebellion. Both the government and the SPLA have taken part in many actions that harm innocent civilians. The most severe part of the war is in South Sudan although the war has now moved north and east of the country as welL The reasons for this include ethnic and religious cleansing. Many examples can be given to show the violation of Article 5. Villages have been bombed, killing many innocent people and injuring others. The bombings have also been centered on humanitarian relief centers, schools, hospitals, and market places. Helicopter gunships shoot at women and children. The SPLA have attacked villages killing the men, taking women into slavery, and recruiting the children to become soldiers or also putting them into slavery. The children are not getting the education they need. Lands have been scorched by fire. Agriculture has been affected and thousands