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Effects <br />Volumes <br />Speed <br />Traffic Noise and Air <br />Traffic Safety <br />Reduces through traffic volumes <br />May reduce speed <br />Little to no effect <br />May improve safety of street <br />Advantages <br />Eliminates through traffic <br />Possibly reduces speed of remaining vehicles <br />Can maintain pedestrian and bike access <br />Disadvantages <br />Increases emergency vehicle response times <br />May cause inconvenience for some residents <br />May divert traffic to other streets <br />May require additional right -of -way acquisition <br />Winter maintenance <br />Problems Targeted <br />Cut through traffic volumes <br />Design <br />There needs to be a minimum of 120 foot right -of -way to accommodate the <br />minimum tuming radius of 40 feet. <br />Vertical Elements <br />Street Closure <br />Purpose <br />A street closure, for the purpose of this <br />tool box, is defined as closing a street <br />either at one end or the other, or at a mid <br />block location to eliminate unwanted <br />through traffic. <br />APRIL 2005 <br />Source: Institute of Transportation Engineers Traffic Calming: State of <br />Practice <br />33 <br />