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04-22-24-WS
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04-22-24-WS
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GREATjU <br />RIVERlRIPW <br />GREENING <br />Small saplings can often be hand -pulled if the soil conditions are right, as in invaded forests without a <br />dense ground layer. Manually pulling smaller buckthorn with weed -wrenches or simply levering it out <br />with a shovel is a useful method in smaller populations or when volunteers are involved. Weed - <br />wrenches and shovels create disturbance in the soil which can expose new weed seed, so consideration <br />should be given to the results of this disturbance when choosing where to implement this method. It is <br />possible in some settings that disturbance may facilitate establishment of suppressed native species as <br />well. Prescribed fire can be a useful tool as part of an integrated buckthorn management approach in <br />fire dependent plant communities. Fire provides a means to kill buckthorn seedlings and set back <br />mature plants. However, even in fire -adapted ecosystems when buckthorn is present in dense patches, <br />it is often difficult to carry fire because of the lack of ground cover beneath the buckthorn to provide <br />fuel. <br />Chemical <br />There are several strategies to chemically treat buckthorn. Applying triclopyr or glyphosate to the cut <br />stump of buckthorn is highly effective. Triclopyr can also be applied as a foliar spray in late summer, or <br />in fall when other desirable woody species have dropped their leaves. Cutting buckthorn in June and <br />returning to foliar spray in the fall when the stumps have resprouted is an effective way to kill it. Frill <br />cutting and spraying larger buckthorn is also effective. It can also be treated by spraying around the base <br />of the trunk with triclopyr. <br />Long-term management <br />Buckthorn seeds can stay viable in the soil for up to 5-7 years. In addition, dispersal of buckthorn seeds <br />from adjacent properties makes long-term monitoring and management essential in all formerly <br />invaded ecosystems. Areas disturbed by heavy infestations of buckthorn are often prone to invasion by <br />other exotic species as well, so revegetation to provide competition, as well as ongoing management are <br />necessary. Where hand removal is feasible scouting and hand -pulling on an annual basis will be a useful <br />method to maintain sites where initial management has occurred. Alternatively, budgeting for follow-up <br />forestry mowing, prescribed burns, and/or chemical treatment will be required. <br />Common buckthorn <br />April <br />May <br />June July Aug <br />Sept Oct Nov <br />Dec - <br />Mar <br />Burn <br />Foliar Herbicide <br />Basal Bark Herbicide <br />Cut Stem Herbicide <br />Flowering <br />Glossy buckthorn <br />April <br />May <br />June <br />July <br />Aug <br />Sept <br />Oct <br />Nov <br />Dec - <br />Mar <br />Burn <br />Foliar Herbicide <br />Basal Bark Herbicide <br />Cut Stem Herbicide <br />Flowering <br />
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