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hauler system provides many benefits, including free recycling services, even at the low base rate, reduced traffic in neighborhoods, less vehicular damage to our streets . and alleys and fewer missed pickups." Kettering, which contracted with Waste Management, has a base rate that includes unlimited trash collection. Cart rental and yard waste collection are extra options. The city also has severallow-volumeflow-fee options, including a pay-as-you-throw system that uses purchased bags. Senior citizens can get a 37.5% discount on the bags. AIl options include free recycling and unlimited bulky item pick-up. (10) Some cities have chosen to keep an open system, even in cases where their own studies recommended organized collection: . Among the key recommendations ofRoseville's Residential Solid Waste and Recycling Citizen Advisory Committee Report, May, 2002, was the following: "Meet the City's and State's environmental goals by designing a garbage system that uses environmentally preferred management of waste. Of the methods studied by the Committee, an organized collection system run by a consortium of private haulers appears to give the City the best, and perhaps only, means to meet the City's and State's environmental goals and balance Citizen interests and concerns." Roseville did not proceed to organize collection. The city has 7 haulers and rates comparable to Falcon Heigbts'. (II) . A 1988 study for the City of Eagan looked at the pros and cons of six different systems, including a "no change" option and developed a comparison chart. The . study concluded, "A version of organized contract collection may lower costs, decrease wear and tear on streets, and facilitate curbside recycling, but also increase administrative costs to the City and possibly impair the business opportunities of some haulers. Each system has distinct advantages and disadvantages." The consultant declined to recommend a specific alternative. Today Eagan has an open system. (12) . Chanhassen's Organized Collection Study Committee recommended not only proceeding with organized collection but, in the interim, limiting the number refuse hauling licenses to a maximum of six, with no new licensees to be added for attrition. Their survey found that "27% of the respondents were not at all supportive of organized collection, 48% were neutral and 25% were very supportive of organized collection. Chanhassen's findings cited many of the same reasons as other cities' studies - street impact, cost, vehicle emissions and noise - and made a special point that only by organized collection could the City comply with Minnesota law and ensure every household had waste collection service. Chanhassen does not have organized collection in 2004. (13) . Olmsted County, Minnesota, designed an organized collection system in 1996 but did not implement it. If an RFP had been issued, the County would probably have awarded a contract to one hauler. At the time there were 13 haulers. Now 91 % of the market is controlled by Onyx and Waste Management, with three other companies sharing the remaining portion. According to the Ramsey Washington summary, . City of Falcon Heights Final Report on Organized Collection October i 3, 2004 26