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AN ALTERNAT�VE USE F�R REFUSE Far ease o� understanding the future for refuse, you may assume the ash from refusE burning is added to the sludge from a sewage plant. This ash from refuse and this sewage sludge is mixed with six to ten times its weight with clay from common subsoil and sufficient water, so that it has the consistency of "play clay" after thorough mix�ng. When this "play clay" is made into pellets by means well knawn in the heavy ceramics industry and fired in a kiln uszng refuse for energy, the pellets expand to give l�ghtweight .pellets suited for aggregate for making light- weight concrete shapes. Also, much smaller pellets can be made far lightweight roofing tile by this heavy ceramics industry. This pzogram, conceived by the writer doing reserach in Minnesota, has found a home for furth�r development in San Diega County, California. In San Diego County, this �ightweight aggregate has shown superior quality. In experimen�s for burning refuse, the kiln heat source has proven adequate and clean. When refuse �s burned in this fluidized grate system, the temperature zs a satisfactory 2800 degrees F. to dr�ve heat needs of up to 2200 degrees F. for the kiln. But at only 2800 degrees F., in the manner of refuse, combusting oxides of nitrogen and sulphur are nearly absent to pollute the atmosphere. As you may realize, there is no ash from either se��age or refuse as all such inorganic matter becomes a part of the ceramic pe�le�s "glass" structure. if all this sounds too good to be true, then consider the most recent appropriations from the State of California and from Californ�a industry are dedicated to the study ot adding toxic organic wastes and toxic heavy metal wastes to the system. It has been �easoned that the long exposure time at eleva�ed temperatures will destroy any organzc material and, at th� same time, all toxic inorganic iheavy metals) contained zn the ceramic will xemove them--proof certain as a pollu�ion source for the land or wa�er environments. With sewage sludge and dry refuse a dai�y event every day of the year, this combination for disposal by use is extremely desirable. There is one problem. The Energy from refuse is five times the need for all sewage sludge available. The system can use most o� the ash, but only about twenty percent of the energy. Additionai energy is available on an every day basis. There is su�ficent energy for industrial use, but not sufficient for direct electrical gene�ation in an economic manner. In the book Trends, by John Nesbit, it states from anywhere, but they are most likel.y to be California". Yau and I must wonder when will technolagy return to Minnesota. 31 "Ideas can come developed in this va].uable