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and any imperfections so detected shall be corrected by cleaning, trimming, or repair as needed. All pipe shall be laid using grade boards, furnished and set by the Contractor according to the grade stakes established by the ENGINEER or his representative. No pipe shall be laid unless there is a minimum of four grade boards set to check the proper grade and . alignment ahead. The Contractor shall provide and use a suitable grade rod to insure the proper grade of the pipe. Grade Boards shall be no more than 25 feet apart. The Contractor may use laser equipment in lieu of grade boards and strings to set pipe grade and alignment. However, the Contractor shall check the grades at a frequency not to exceed 100 feet. The Contractor shall provide competent workmen to operate the laser equipment. At that time of pipe placement, the bedding conditions shall be such as to provide uniform and continuous support for the pipe between bell holes. Bell holes shall be excavated as necessary to make the joint connections, but they shall be no larger than would be adequate. No pipe material shall be laid in water nor when the trench or bedding conditions are otherwise unsuitable or improper. Unless otherwise permitted by the ENGINEER, bell and spigot pipe shall be laid with the bell ends facing upgrade and the laying shall start at the downgrade end and proceed upgrade. When placement or handling precautions prove inadequate, in the ENGINEER'S opinion, the Contractor shall provide and install suitable plugs or caps effectively closing the open ends of each pipe section before it is lowered into laying position, and they shall remain so covered until removal is necessary for connection of an adjoining unit. As each length of bell and spigot pipe is placed in laying position, the spigot end shall be centered in the bell and the pipe forced home and brought to correct line and grade. The pipe shall be secured in place with approved backfill material, which shall be thoroughly compacted around the pipe as described in Section 302.7. The joint areas shall remain exposed and precautions shall be taken to prevent the soil from entering the joint space, until the joint seal is effected. Whenever existing utility structures or branch connections leading to main sewers or to main drains, or other conduits, ducts, pipes, or structures present obstructions to the grade and alignment of the pipe, they shall be permanently supported, removed, relocated or reconstructed by the Contractor involved. In those instances where their relocation or reconstruction is impractical, a deviation from line and grade will be ordered, and the change shall be made in the manner directed by the ENGINEER and with extra compensation allowed therefore. When watermain, water services and sewer services, whether lowered or existing, are in danger of freezing due to the proximity of storm sewers, catch basin leads, or storm sewer structures, the ENGINEER may direct the placement of insulation between the storm sewer and the watermain or service pipe, as specified in Section 303.9. 500-4